Salt Stress Perception and Plant Growth Regulators in the Halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum

Thomas, John C.; Bohnert, Hans J.

doi:10.1104/pp.103.4.1299

Cited by 104 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Salt tolerance mechanism thus entail, minimizing the uptake of salts along with minimizing the salt concentration in the cytoplasm of the plant. Salt tolerant plants (halophytes) implement both types of mechanisms such as exclusion of Na + uptake, as well as compartmentalization of Na + in the vacuole along with active salt excretion through special salt glands (Thomas and Bohnert, 1993). Glycophytes on the other hand may exclude the salt, but are incapable of effectively compartmentalizing the residual salt as do halophytes (Munns, 2002).…”

Section: Biological Water Deficitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic approaches towards overcoming water deficit in plants - special emphasis on LEAs

Khurana

Vishnudasan

Chhibbar

2008

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Water deficit arises as a result of low temperature, salinity and dehydration, thereby affecting plant growth adversely and making it imperative for plants to surmount such situations by acclimatizing/adapting at various levels. Water deficit stress results in significant changes in gene expression, mediated by interconnected signal transduction pathways that may be triggered by calcium, and regulated via ABA dependent and/or independent pathways. Hence, adaptation of plants to such stresses involves maintaining cellular homeostasis, detoxification of harmful elements and also growth alterations. Stress in general cause excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the plants overcome the same by either preventing the accumulation of ROS or by eliminating the ROS formed. Ion homeostasis includes processes such as cellular uptake, sequestration and export in conjunction with long distance transport. Requisite amounts of osmolytes are hence synthesized under stress to maintain turgor along with maintaining the macromolecular structures and also for scavenging ROS. Another noteworthy response is the accumulation of novel proteins, including enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of osmoprotectants, heat-shock proteins (HSPs), late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, antifreeze proteins, chaperones, detoxification enzymes, transcription factors, kinases and phosphatases. The LEAs belong to a redundant protein family and are highly hydrophilic, boiling-soluble, non-globular and therefore have been defined and classified accordingly. The precise function of LEAs is still unknown, but substantial evidence indicates their involvement in dessication tolerance as the expression of LEAs confers increased resistance to stress in heterologous yeast system and also significantly improves water deficit tolerance in transgenic plants. Genetic manipulation of plants towards conferring abiotic stress tolerance is a daunting task, as the abiotic stress tolerance mechanism is highly complex and various strategies have been exploited to address and evaluate the stress tolerance mechanism, and the molecular responses to water deficit via complex signaling networks. Genomic technologies have recently been useful in integrating the multigenicity of the plant stress responses through, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolite profilling and their interactions. This review deals with the recent developments on genetic approaches for water stress tolerance in plants, with special emphasis on LEAs.

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Section: Biological Water Deficitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic approaches towards overcoming water deficit in plants - special emphasis on LEAs

Khurana

Vishnudasan

Chhibbar

2008

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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“…Only by increasing temperature and light intensity could responses be stimulated by ABA (Chu et al, 1990 ;Thomas et al, 1992 b ;Thomas & Bohnert, 1993). As further evidence against ABA as the singular inducer of M. crystallinum gene expression under salt stress, we used an inhibitor of ABA synthesis and showed that PEPC and proline will accumulate under salt stress, while ABA levels are curtailed (Thomas et al, 1992 b).…”

Section:    - mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Michalowski & H. J. Bohnert, unpublished). Induction of CAM in the juvenile plant is incomplete, presumably because the apparatus that leads to the transcriptional induction of CAM genes is not present, and because the juvenile state of the plant is characterized by a hormonal reaction to stress different from that of older plants (Cushman & Bohnert, 1992 ;Thomas et al, 1992 b ;Thomas & Bohnert, 1993 ;Vernon et al, 1993). This behaviour has been most completely studied for the Ppc1 gene, the CAM-form of PEPC, but it is also found for other CAM-genes ; Gpd1 (glyceraldehyde 1-phosphate dehydrogenase ; Ostrem et al, 1990), Mod1 (Malic enzyme ;Cushman, 1993) and Mdh1 (malate dehydrogenase ; Cushman, 1992).…”

Section:   mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytokinin levels tend to decrease under salt-stress conditions (Kupier, Schuit & Kupier, 1990 ;Thomas et al, 1992 b), yet increased exogenous cytokinin can mimic salt-induced responses, greatly increasing PEPCase, proline, ononitol\pinitol, and osmotin (Thomas et al, 1992 b, Thomas & Bohnert, 1993).…”

Section:    - mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth and development of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (Aizoaceae)

et al. 1998

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“…Endogenous increases or exogenous application of ABA result in CAM induction (Dai et al, 1994;Taybi et al, 1995) by stimulating increased expression of key CAM enzymes such as PEPC (Chu et al, 1990;Dai et al, 1994;Taybi et al, 1995), enolase (Forsthoefel et al, 1995a), phosphoglyceromutase (Forsthoefel et al, 1995b), and vacuolar ATPase subunit c (Tsiantis et al, 1996). Other plant growth regulators such as cytokinins have been shown to either suppress or enhance PEPC expression depending on the mode of application (Schmitt and Piepenbrock, 1992;Thomas et al, 1992;Thomas and Bohnert, 1993;Dai et al, 1994;Peters et al, 1997). Cytokinin applied to roots causes an enhancement in PEPC expression, whereas foliar application of intact plants or feeding to detached leaves suppresses PEPC expression and prevents PEPC induction by drought or salinity stress (Schmitt and Piepenbrock, 1992;Dai et al, 1994;Peters et al, 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Signaling Events Leading to Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Induction in the Common Ice Plant

Taybi

Cushman

1999

Plant Physiology

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A rapid, semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay was developed to investigate signal transduction events involved in the induction of Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in detached common ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum) leaves. Transcript abundance of Ppc1, a gene encoding the CAM-specific isoform of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, increased rapidly in response to osmotic stress (dehydration and mannitol), ionic stress (NaCl), and exogenous abscisic acid treatment, but failed to accumulate in response to exogenous cytokinin or methyl jasmonate. Stress-induced accumulation of Ppc1, GapC1, and

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Salt Stress Perception and Plant Growth Regulators in the Halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum

Cited by 104 publications

References 27 publications

Genetic approaches towards overcoming water deficit in plants - special emphasis on LEAs

Genetic approaches towards overcoming water deficit in plants - special emphasis on LEAs

Growth and development of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (Aizoaceae)

Signaling Events Leading to Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Induction in the Common Ice Plant

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