Salivary Thiobarbituric Acid Reacting Substances and Malondialdehyde – Their Relationship to Reported Smoking and to Parodontal Status Described by the Papillary bleeding index

Abstract

Background. Thiobarbituric reacting substances (TBARS) are markers of lipoperoxidation. The best-known specific TBARS is malondialdehyde (MDA). Results from our previous studies have shown that TBARS can be measured in saliva and are increased in patients with gingivitis. Whether MDA is the main TBARS in saliva from patients with altered parodontal status is unknown. Aim. To observe the relationship between the parodontal status and TBARS, MDA and the number of epithelial cells in saliva. Subjects & Methods. In Study I saliva and plasma samples of 15 patients (8F, 7M) suffering from inflammatory periodontal diseases were gathered and TBARS levels were measured in these samples. In Study II saliva samples from 217 consecutive stomatologic patients were collected and analysed for TBARS spectrofluorometrically, MDA by high-performance liquid chromatography and epithelial cell count by light microscopy. Papillary bleeding index (PBI) was determined in standard stomatologic examination. Results. In Study I results from our previous studies showing no correlation between salivary and plasma TBARS levels were confirmed. This indicates that the local salivary level of TBARS is unlikely to be directly affected by systemic oxidative stress. In Study II higher PBI was associated independently (adjusted for age and sex) tightly with higher TBARS (p < 0.001) and with lower number of epithelial cells in saliva (p < 0.05). Smokers had higher salivary MDA levels (p < 0.003) and lower number of epithelial cells in saliva (p < 0.01). Conclusion. Salivary TBARS are a simple parameter that partially reflects the parodontal status with a potential usefulness in the clinical stomatology. We show herein that salivary MDA is dependent on age and smoking, but there is no correlation between MDA and PBI. Further studies should uncover the main salivary TBARS compound in patients with altered parodontal status and trace the origin of these salivary lipoperoxidation markers.

Evaluation of Uric Acid, Total Antioxidant and Lipid Peroxidation Parameters in Serum and Saliva of Patients with Oral Lichen Planus

“…Some studies was preferred examining total antioxidant activity (TAA) as a substitute of individual antioxidants in blood and other body fluids, because TAA as an incorporated parameter may provide a better marker than one antioxidant. TAA value was significantly lower than healthy controls in OLP patients which this result was agreement with several researches (Celec et al, 2005;Canakci et al, 2009;Serafini et al, 2006). ROS play important roles in immunology and inflammatory effects, and in the human body fluids, there are several antioxidants systems that have ability to maintain the stability of oxidation-reduction situation (Al-Hashimi et al, 2002;Kohen & Nayska, 2007).…”

Correlation of the antioxidant level in saliva and periodontal status in Ukrainian children with atopy

“…MDA is the principal and most widely studied product of polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation. Its interaction with DNA and proteins has often been referred to as potentially mutagenic and atherogenic 8,18,19 . Changes in the salivary antioxidant enzymes suggest that saliva may be an appropriate marker for the prognosis of oral diseases compare to the conventional invasive serum antioxidant enzyme 20 .…”

“…Studies investigating the use of saliva as a diagnostic fluid have a long history. This noninvasive approach is not limited only to the diagnosis of oral diseases, because many systemic diseases, such as different types of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, immunologic syndromes, and hereditary deficiencies, can also be studied with the aid of salivary diagnostics [4][5][6][7][8] . Saliva is an accessible biofluid that contains components derived from the mucosal surfaces, gingival crevices, and tooth surfaces of the mouth.…”

Diabetes, Oxidative Stress, Antioxidants and Saliva: A Review

“…Studies conducted on diabetic rats have reported an increase in salivary and serum MDA with variable antioxidant activity (43). Celec et al (44) have found an increase in MDA levels in non diabetics which was attributed to age, altered periodontal status and smoking. Hodosy et al (45) suggest that MDA levels depend on the time of sampling and also are affected by factors like tooth brushing and antioxidative therapy received by the patients.…”