Correlation of the antioxidant level in saliva and periodontal status in Ukrainian children with atopy

Abstract

Objective: To find correlation between the total antioxidant and periodontal status in the saliva of periodontally compromised and not compromised patients, respectively, with atopy, and healthy controls (HC) to assess diagnostic utility of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione and superoxide dismutase. Methods:The study was conducted on 141 subjects, who were in the age group of 12-18 years. Among the 141 subjects, 55 HC formed Group HC. The atopy group consisted of 126 patients: 76 patients of atopic diseases (AD) and gingivitis (Group ADG) and 50 patients of AD without gingivitis (Group AD). The level of gingival inflammation was evaluated using the sulcus bleeding index (SBI) reported by Mühlemann and Son. Glutathione, MDA and superoxide dismutase were estimated in saliva. Data were statistically analyzed by Microsoft Excel using unpaired t-test for significance of differences between each group, and regression analysis was done. Results:The mean salivary MDA levels of group HC was 3.81 ± 0.83 µm/L. The mean salivary levels of group ADG was 6.87 ± 0.91 µm/L and group AD was 5.96 ± 0.79 µm/L. The mean salivary MDA levels of group HC was significantly lower compared to group ADG and AD (P < 0.05). Similarly, in the case of salivary glutathione, marker levels revealed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) when mean values in the control group (5.12 ± 0.66 µmol/L) were compared with the ADG group (2.31 ± 0.44 µmol/L) and AD groups (2.69 ± 0.56 µmol/L), but the change was not significant (P > 0.05) when AD and ADG patients were compared. The SOD activity was significantly lower in the ADG and AD groups compared to healthy children. Conclusions:The results showed changes in antioxidant balance in children with atopy. The regression analysis showed the absence of correlation between the level of antioxidants and inflammation in periodontal tissues.