Salivary Gland Tumours at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana

Abstract

<p align="justify"> <span>In African studies on salivary gland tumours, there are considerable epidemiological differences in different parts of the continent.</span><span> </span><span>There is no study of salivary gland tumours from the second largest hospital in Ghana, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. <b>Aim:</b> This study was to look at the prevalence and demographic distribution of salivary gland tumours at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH).</span><span> </span><b><span>Method:</span></b><span> Histopathologically diagnosed salivary gland tumours of consecutive patients were evaluated. The study duration was from 1999 to 2010 October</span><span>. </span><b><span>Result:</span></b><span> The total number of salivary gland tumours were 121.</span><span> </span><span>Male to female ratio was 1.75:1. Out of the total of 34 salivary malignancies seen, male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Malignant tumour was 28.1% while 71.9% were benign. Mean age for malignancy was 53.5 years (SD = 9.7) and that for benign was 35.5 years (SD = 8.2).</span><span> </span><b><span>Conclusion:</span></b><span> The commonest benign tumour of the parotid was Pleomorphic adenoma (48.3%) which is consistent with most of the African and western reports. Warthin’s tumour prevalence was higher than most of the studies from Africa.</span><span></span> </p> <p> <span></span> </p

Pattern of Salivary Gland Tumour in Sokoto, North-Western Nigeria

“…Traditionally, the distribution of salivary neoplasms between sites has followed a rule of 1:0.1:0.1:0.01 ratio for parotid, submandibular, minor salivary glands and sublingual tumours, respectively. Oti et al [23] in Ghana, found a ratio of 3:2:1:0, while the site distribution ratio from our study was 3:1:7:0.44. With regards to the individual site distribution of the minor salivary gland tumours, palate was the most affected 23 (22.3%), while the floor of the mouth was the least affected 2 (1.9%) and is consistent with findings from previous studies in both Western and African continent [7] [9] [24].…”

Histopathological analysis of salivary gland biopsies in Kumasi: An 8 year retrospective study

“…Majority of cases presenting with SGTs were in the fourth and fifth decades with mean ages for benign and malignant cases being 36.4 years and 41.6 years respectively. Benign SGTs have been reported to be more common in third decade of life in studies from Nigeria (Aliyu et al, 2016;Adedeji et al, 2014), Ghana (Oti et al, 2013) and Uganda (Vahahula, 2004). A number of studies (Oti et al, 2013;Parkin and Boamah, 2009;Adedeji et al, 2014) Adedeji et al, 2014Khattak et al, 2016;Pinkston and Cole, 1999;Ito et al, 2005;Tian et al, 2010;Subhashraj, 2008;Li et al, 2008) have shown the fifth decade and beyond as the peak for malignant SGTs, similar to our observation.…”

“…The few published reports available are by (Oti et al, 2013) and (Parkin and Boamah, 2009) whose retrospective study focused on salivary gland tumours seen at Komfo Anokye and Korle Bu Teaching Hospitals respectively at different time periods. Diagnosis of various lesions in the salivary glands at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital is still common.…”

“…For the period under review, the spectrum of diagnoses included 11 (2.9%) normal, 86 (23.2 %) inflammatory and tumour-like, and 274 (73.9%) tumour cases. In (Oti et al, 2013) report, 121 salivary gland tumours (SGTs) were diagnosed at the same centre in their twelve year review. This appears to suggest more than 2-fold increase in the incidence of these tumours at the centre over the years under current review.…”

“…The Major Salivary glands include parotid, submaxillary and sublingual while the others found in many other locations in the head and neck region constitute the minor salivary glands. Previous study from our centre (Oti et al, 2013) on prevalence of salivary gland tumours of consecutive patients up to year 2010; shows heterogeneous tumours with a mean age of 53.5 years, occurring more in male with tendency to be benign. Over the last 8 years there has been continual diagnosis of lesions in the salivary gland biopsies in our department and a review of the study to include all ranges of diagnosis made on these biopsies is necessary.…”