Salivary and gingival crevicular fluid histatin in periodontal health and disease

Abstract

Objectives: Histatin, with its anti bacterial, anti protease, and wound closure stimulating property might influence the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. This study assessed the presence of histatin in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF); the levels of salivary and GCF histatin in periodontal disease. Material and methods: It was a cross sectional study that included systemically healthy forty five subjects (22 males and 23 females) between the age group of 20 to 45 years. Based on Gingival Index (Loe and Silness ,1963) and Russell’s Periodontal Index they were grouped as 15 healthy (Group 1), 15 gingivitis (Group 2), and 15 periodontitis (Group 3) subjects. Whole pooled unstimulated saliva was collected by asking the patient to spit in a sterile container and GCF samples were collected using a micropipette from all the subjects. Histatin levels were assessed using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The intergroup comparison was done by ANOVA and Mann Whitney U Test was done for pair wise comparison. Results: The results of this study show that histatin is present in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid. When the salivary histatin levels were compared it was found that the levels of histatin increase from health to periodontitis but the levels of histatin in the gingival crevicular fluid and saliva had no correlation with severity of periodontal disease as there was no statistically significant difference between the three groups. Conclusions: It can be concluded that histatin cannot be used as a potential marker of periodontal disease. Key words:Periodontal disease, histatin, gingival crevicular fluid, saliva, gingival index, periodontal index, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.

The assessment of sIgA, histatin-5, and lactoperoxidase levels in saliva of adolescents with dental caries

“…Researchers have investigated its possible role in periodontal disease. One study showed that the levels of histatin increase from health to periodontitis, but the levels of histatin in the gingival crevicular fluid and saliva had no correlation with severity of periodontal disease [ 22 ]. We observed higher levels of histatin-5 and LPO in adolescents with high intensity of caries.…”

Salivary Antimicrobial Peptide Histatin-5 Does Not Display Zn(II)-Dependent or -Independent Activity against Streptococci

“…To date, there is no consensus as to whether histatin levels in saliva correlate with infection levels in the oral cavity. Comparisons of children or adult patients with and without dental caries have found no variation in salivary histatin levels, , higher salivary histatin levels in patients with caries, , and lower salivary histatin levels in patients with caries. − Similarly, there is no clear correlation between histatin levels and the prevalence of oral C. albicans in healthy people but high histatin levels do correlate with high prevalence of oral candidiasis in immunocompromised patients .…”

Los epitelios en la respuesta inmunitaria innata

“…Presenta actividad antifúngica y previenen la coagregación bacteriana, además de inhibir a las proteasas bacterianas en concentraciones fisiológicas, de igual manera están involucradas en el cierre de las heridas. Una de sus funciones biológicas principales es reducir los signos clínicos de la inflamación gingival y la formación de la placa bacteriana (Bhadbhade et al, 2013).…”