Saliva microbiome alterations in dental fluorosis population

Abstract

Background We aimed to explore saliva microbiome alterations in dental fluorosis population. Methods The prevalence of dental fluorosis was examined in 957 college students. Dean’s fluorosis index was used to evaluate the dental fluorosis status. Changes in the composition of the salivary microbiome were assessed in a subset of these patients (100 healthy controls, 100 dental fluorosis patients). Results Dental fluorosis affected 47% of the student sample, and incidence was unrelated to gender. Compared with healthy controls, the microbiota of patients with dental fluorosis exhibited increased diversity, with increased abundance of Treponema lecithinolyticum, Vibrio metschnikovii , Cupriavidus pauculus , Pseudomonas , Pseudomonadaceae , Pseudomonadales , and decreased abundance of Streptococcus mutans , Streptococcus sanguinis , Gemella , and Staphylococcales . Function analyses showed increases in arginine biosynthesis in patients affected by dental fluorosis, together with reductions in amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, fructose and mannose metabolism, and starch and sucrose metabolism. Conclusions These results suggest that there are striking differences in salivary microbiome between healthy controls and dental fluorosis patients. Dental fluorosis may contribute to periodontitis and systemic lung diseases. There is a need for cohort studies to determine whether altering the salivary microbiota in dental fluorosis patients can alter the development of oral or systemic diseases.

Interaction between Acute Pancreatitis and Gastrointestinal Microbiome: A Bidirectional Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study

“…However, in addition to changes in gut microbes, oral microbes were also affected. Changes in microbial composition occurred with increasing severity of AP, for example, the abundance of bene cial bacteria such as Neisseria, Haemophilus, and Gemella is reduced in MSAP and SAP compared to MAP [53]. The abundance of Turicibacter in a mouse model of chronic pancreatitis was positively correlated with the degree of pancreatic brosis [54].…”

Worldwide Variations in Fluoride Content in Beverages for Infants

“…At a molecular level, excessive systemic fluoride consumption exerts adverse effects on ameloblast development. It can lead to DNA damage, apoptotic cell death, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, in this way compromising ameloblast function [25]. This disruption subsequently interferes with the typical synthesis and secretion of enamelassociated proteins due to impaired endoplasmic reticulum function [25].…”

“…It can lead to DNA damage, apoptotic cell death, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, in this way compromising ameloblast function [25]. This disruption subsequently interferes with the typical synthesis and secretion of enamelassociated proteins due to impaired endoplasmic reticulum function [25]. The clinical manifestations may include the development of horizontal white lines on the tooth's surface or the formation of white, chalk-like spots.…”

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“…WSLs could be developed from idiopathic causes, developmental causes as fluorosis, or from early caries (Gohar et al 2023;Klaisiri et al 2020;Liu et al 2023;Patano et al 2023). Furthermore, WSLs could be efficiently diagnosed using a visual examination method known as the 'International Caries Detection and Assessment System' (ICDAS) at multiple clinical caries stages with a high degree of precision.…”