Saliva as an alternative to blood in the determination of uremic state in adult patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Rodrigues, Raphael Silva; Vieira, Walbert de Andrade; Siqueira, Walter L.; Blumenberg, Cauane; Bernardino, Ítalo de Macedo; Cardoso, Sérgio Vitorino; Flores‐Mir, Carlos; Paranhos, Luiz Renato

doi:10.1007/s00784-020-03340-2

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…In addition, when comparing salivary creatinine and urea concentrations with their concentration in blood, our previous study described a sensitivity of 93.3% (95%CI: 88.6-97.9) for salivary creatinine levels and 87.5% (95%CI: 83.2-91.8) for salivary urea levels, while the overall specificity was 87.1% (95%CI: 82.8-91.3) and 83.2% (95%CI: 65.0-101.4) for salivary creatinine and urea levels, respectively. 12 Another factor that should be analyzed is the absence of data related to the oral health of the study participants, considering that the presence of oral diseases may interfere with the biomarker values analyzed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Two authors (WAV and LRP) independently assessed each domain regarding their potential risk of bias, as recommended by the PRISMA statement. 12 Any disagreement between the reviewers was solved through discussions on the topics assessed, and a third reviewer was consulted to make a final decision.…”

Section: Risk Of Individual Bias Of the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,10,11 Specifically, for chronic kidney disease, saliva has been shown to be a promising tool for diagnosing this condition in early stages. 12 Thus, this easy collection procedure is a noninvasive and low-cost method, making saliva an optimum fluid for monitoring hemodialysis effects from home. 6 In this context, the present systematic review aims to assess whether changes in the levels of urea and creatinine that occur in the serum will also occur in saliva after hemodialysis in patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Saliva as a tool for monitoring hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Of Individual Bias Of the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Saliva as a tool for monitoring hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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“…This causes an elevation in serum P and a reduction of plasma Ca. Thus, the enamel defects were reported in children suffering from Ca deficiency (6,11) . Moreover, the plasma fluoride concentration may be elevated due to renal dysfunction, leading to dental fluorosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Health Status of Children Undergoing Hemodialysis and Kidney Transplantation in Mansoura City, Egypt

et al. 2021

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Purpose: Evaluation of oral health status in children undergoing hemodialysis sessions and kidney transplantation and compared them with healthy children. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 250 children aged 6-18 years old (100 children undergoing hemodialysis, 50 children undergoing kidney transplantation and 100 healthy children as a control group). The oral health status was evaluated regarding to caries experience, gingivitis using PMA index, developmental defects using modified DDE index. Un-stimulated salivary flow rate and pH were also measured. Results: caries experience was significantly lower in both chronic kidney disease (CKD) groups compared to control group. Median PMA was significantly higher in hemodialysis and in transplantation groups compared to control group. The prevalence of developmental enamel defects was 41% in hemodialysis group and 58% in transplantation group compared to 11% in control group (P-value < 0.001). Regarding to saliva analysis, the flow rate was higher among healthy children while the salivary PH was higher among children with CKD. Conclusions: chronic kidney disease may decrease caries experience, increase gingival inflammation, in addition to increase prevalence of developmental defects. Furthermore, children with chronic kidney disease have lower salivary flow rate and higher buffering capacity than healthy children.

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“…Al igual que otros procesos fisiológicos, la secreción salival no es constante ya que su volumen y composición varía en respuesta a las demandas del organismo. La saliva puede obtenerse por métodos sencillos, económicos y no invasivos y constituye un valioso fluido biológico para el análisis de biomarcadores, así como también para el diagnóstico, seguimiento y pronóstico de ciertas enfermedades 9,10 . La fisiología de las glándulas salivales puede ser afectada por diversos factores, tales como edad, dieta, enfermedades locales y sistémicas, los que producen modificaciones en el flujo, la secreción y la composición química de la saliva 11 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Salivary and plasmatic incorporation of fatty acids after their immediate intake in rats

Herrera¹,

Nackauzi²,

Actis³

2020

RevFacOdont

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Objective: the aim of this study was to analyze salivary and plasma fatty acid (FA) levels after their immediate intake in rats.Methods: 6 adult male Wistar rats were fed on commercial diet until the 12th week of life, in which it was replaced by a laboratory diet containing corn oil (6%) as a lipid source (linoleic 18: 2 n-6 FA). At 12 and 24 hours after the diet change, rats were anesthetized and salivary secretion was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol / pilocarpine (5 mg/kg each) before their sacrifice. Total saliva (S) was collected for 20 min by using intraoral cotton rolls. Blood was obtained (cardiac puncture) to separate plasma (P) (centrifugation). S and P lipids were extracted for FA methylation and analysis by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. Spearman correlation and linear regression coefficients (p≤0.05) were applied. Results: 18:2 n-6 FA was detected in S and P at 12 and 24 hours, being higher at 24 hours and in P. A higher number of FA was also found at 12 and 24 hours both in P than in S. 24/12 hour concentration ratios in S were 16:0 (1.20); 16:1 (1.65); 18:0 (0.33); 18:1 n-9 (1.55); 18:2 n-6 (1.70); 20:4 n-6 (1.20) and 22:6 n-3 (1.19) and in P: 16:0 (0.49); 16:1 (4.84); 18:0 (3.43); 18:1 n-9 (3.14); 18:2 n-6 (1.75); 20:4 n-6 (0.52) and 22:6 n-3 (0.73). A significant positive correlation between S and P 16:1 n-9 FA and a high regression between 16:0;16:1 n-9 and 18:0 salivary/plasma FA was found. Conclusion: this preliminary study showed that the 18:2 n-6 FA intake is rapidly reflected in rat S and P, with a time increase, and that there is a correlation between some FA of both fluids.

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Saliva as an alternative to blood in the determination of uremic state in adult patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

Saliva as a tool for monitoring hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Saliva as a tool for monitoring hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Oral Health Status of Children Undergoing Hemodialysis and Kidney Transplantation in Mansoura City, Egypt

Salivary and plasmatic incorporation of fatty acids after their immediate intake in rats

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