Abstract:In Northeast Brazil, the cultivation of colored fiber cotton has stood out as one of the agricultural activities of expressive importance because its fiber has various applications in the industry and it is a labor-demanding crop. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the growth, water consumption, water use efficiency and production of the colored fiber cotton cv. ‘BRS Rubi’, as a function of saline water irrigation and nitrogen (N) doses. The experiment was conducted in lysimeters, under greenhouse c… Show more
“…It is strongly influenced by a negative water balance coming from low annual mean precipitations of around 800 mm and annual mean temperatures from 23 to 27 °C, with an evaporation of 2000 mm/year, mean relative air humidity around 50%, and mean insolation of 2800 hour/year. Because of these characteristics and a regime of irregular and scarce precipitations, water sources are considered insufficient in the region (Andrade et al 2018;Lima et al 2018a).…”
This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional and fermentative potential of silage of the forage sorghum Ponta Negra irrigated with saline water. The bromatological characteristics, losses and fermentative profile of sorghum silages were observed. For the bromatological characteristics of the sorghum plant, a decreasing linear behavior was observed for the contents of dry matter and organic matter while a positive linear effect was verified for crude protein and mineral matter as the leaching fractions were increased (P < 0.05). A quadratic behavior was observed for nonfibrous carbohydrates, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and cellulose (P < 0.05). The pH values showed a quadratic effect (P < 0.05) with lower pH values observed at 15 days of silo opening for water depths of 10 and 15%. Regarding the silages, the leaching fractions provided differences (P < 0.05) for dry matter recovery, gas loss and effluent loss. A negative linear behavior for the contents of dry matter and organic matter and an increasing linear effect for mineral matter (P < 0.05). The highest concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen were observed when irrigation was performed with a 10% saline water depth (P < 0.05).
“…It is strongly influenced by a negative water balance coming from low annual mean precipitations of around 800 mm and annual mean temperatures from 23 to 27 °C, with an evaporation of 2000 mm/year, mean relative air humidity around 50%, and mean insolation of 2800 hour/year. Because of these characteristics and a regime of irregular and scarce precipitations, water sources are considered insufficient in the region (Andrade et al 2018;Lima et al 2018a).…”
This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional and fermentative potential of silage of the forage sorghum Ponta Negra irrigated with saline water. The bromatological characteristics, losses and fermentative profile of sorghum silages were observed. For the bromatological characteristics of the sorghum plant, a decreasing linear behavior was observed for the contents of dry matter and organic matter while a positive linear effect was verified for crude protein and mineral matter as the leaching fractions were increased (P < 0.05). A quadratic behavior was observed for nonfibrous carbohydrates, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and cellulose (P < 0.05). The pH values showed a quadratic effect (P < 0.05) with lower pH values observed at 15 days of silo opening for water depths of 10 and 15%. Regarding the silages, the leaching fractions provided differences (P < 0.05) for dry matter recovery, gas loss and effluent loss. A negative linear behavior for the contents of dry matter and organic matter and an increasing linear effect for mineral matter (P < 0.05). The highest concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen were observed when irrigation was performed with a 10% saline water depth (P < 0.05).
“…The reduction in the leaf area is related to the accumulation of salts in the soil, which negatively affects water absorption by the plants, compromising the photosynthetic and metabolic processes, resulting in the reduction of the photosynthetic apparatus (Bezerra et al, 2018). Furthermore, the decrease in the leaf area is a mechanism adopted by the plant to protect itself and/or acclimate to the salt stress condition, since the reduction in the LA minimizes the water losses through transpiration and maintains a high cell water potential (Lima et al, 2018). Similar results were observed by Veloso et al (2018) while studying the effect of salt stress and nitrogen fertilization on the formation of seedlings of the soursop cv.…”
The exogenous use of hydrogen peroxide is an alternative in the acclimatization of plants to salt stress due to the greater activity of antioxidant enzymes. In this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the gas exchange and the growth of soursop seedlings under salt stress using hydrogen peroxide. The study was conducted under greenhouse conditions. The treatments were distributed in randomized blocks, in a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement, related to five levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water - ECw (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4, and 3.0 dS m-1) and two concentrations of hydrogen peroxide - H2O2 (0 and 20 μM), with four replicates and two plants per plot. The effects of the treatments were evaluated by the variables of gas exchange and growth. The increase in water salinity negatively affected the gas exchange and the growth of the soursop seedlings. The gas exchange and growth variables presented deleterious effects caused by the salinity of the irrigation water, mitigated by the exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide at the concentration of 20 μM. The exogenous use of hydrogen peroxide at the concentration of 20 μM can be used to induce salt tolerance in soursop seedlings.
“…Nesse sentido Lima et al (2018) avaliaram o crescimento e a produção do algodoeiro cv. BRS Rubi irrigado com águas salinas (5,1; 6,1; 7,1; 8,1 e 9,1 dS m -1 ) e doses de nitrogênio (65; 100; 135; 170 e 205 mg de N kg -1 ) em casa de vegetação.…”
A salinização do solo pode ocorrer de forma antropogênica ou secundária ou como resultado de processos naturais a exemplo da intemperização dos minerais ou até mesmo pelo aumento da capilaridade das águas subterrâneas mais salinas em regiões com lençol freático mais baixo. Entre as fontes antropogênicas de salinização do solo se destacam atividades industriais como a exploração de petróleo, a mineração e destacando-se ainda as práticas agrícolas não sustentáveis. A implantação de sistemas de irrigação no semiárido muitas vezes promovem mudanças que resultam no acúmulo de sais na superfície do solo, ascensão do lençol freático e contaminação dos recursos hídricos impactando a dinâmica ambiental daquele local. Diante disso esta revisão de literatura teve como objetivo abordar os principais impactos relacionados com a salinização secundária e seus efeitos nas propriedades do solo, analisando-se ainda o cultivo em condições salinas de culturas de importância agrícola e seus impactos sobre o desenvolvimento das plantas. Esse trabalho foi direcionado por um levantamento bibliográfico que agrupou temas importantes sobre salinização secundária do solo e o cultivo de culturas resistentes a esse tipo de ambiente. Com base nos resultados obtidos nessa revisão, conclui-se que a irrigação com água de baixa qualidade tem se apresentado como alternativa para a produção agrícola, principalmente para culturas que tem se mostrado resistentes a solos salinizados e que pode representar uma importante alternativa para regiões com escassez de água.
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