Abstract:En el presente trabajo se estudia el impacto distributivo del aumento del salario mínimo evidenciado en Argentina durante el período 2003 – 2013. Utilizando información de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares Continua, se estima mediante el método propuesto por Lee (1999) el efecto casual del salario mínimo sobre la distribución salarial de los asalariados a tiempo completo. Los resultados sugieren un efecto igualador del aumento del salario mínimo real para el total de asalariados y para los asalariados formales… Show more
“…However, some literature suggests that the 'lighthouse effect' does not exist. Arcidiácono (2015) arrived at this conclusion in Argentina, calculating the distributive effect of the MW on the gap between the MW and the income of a reference percentile on wage dispersion. Grau, Miranda and Puentes (2018) reached the same conclusion in Chile using a panel.…”
This article aims to present an overview of the impact of the minimum wage (MW) on the labour market in Ecuador. This Andean country is taken as a sample of all the countries in the region, with similar structural limitations in their labour markets. In Ecuador, the MW is positioned in the intermediate deciles. In the lower deciles, most of the workforce is informal or self-employed. The ‘lighthouse effect’ of the MW on the rest of the employed and self-employed workers is presumed to be the main force in reducing poverty and inequality. The lack of compliance with the labour regulation is, in part, explained by low levels of demand and productivity. These factors would limit firms’ ability to hold a wage increase and unemployment would rise. As savings are low and the welfare state does not offer a safety net to guarantee subsistence without a job, unemployed workers quickly transition into informality and self-employment. We use a two-way fixed effects regression to test this hypothesis. Results show that they cannot be rejected, suggesting the need for new labour policies to reduce poverty and inequality, according to the economic reality of the region.
“…However, some literature suggests that the 'lighthouse effect' does not exist. Arcidiácono (2015) arrived at this conclusion in Argentina, calculating the distributive effect of the MW on the gap between the MW and the income of a reference percentile on wage dispersion. Grau, Miranda and Puentes (2018) reached the same conclusion in Chile using a panel.…”
This article aims to present an overview of the impact of the minimum wage (MW) on the labour market in Ecuador. This Andean country is taken as a sample of all the countries in the region, with similar structural limitations in their labour markets. In Ecuador, the MW is positioned in the intermediate deciles. In the lower deciles, most of the workforce is informal or self-employed. The ‘lighthouse effect’ of the MW on the rest of the employed and self-employed workers is presumed to be the main force in reducing poverty and inequality. The lack of compliance with the labour regulation is, in part, explained by low levels of demand and productivity. These factors would limit firms’ ability to hold a wage increase and unemployment would rise. As savings are low and the welfare state does not offer a safety net to guarantee subsistence without a job, unemployed workers quickly transition into informality and self-employment. We use a two-way fixed effects regression to test this hypothesis. Results show that they cannot be rejected, suggesting the need for new labour policies to reduce poverty and inequality, according to the economic reality of the region.
Este artículo propone un análisis de la dinámica de la desigualdad en la Argentina entre los años 2003 y 2015. Se analizan tres aspectos asociados a la dinámica de la distribución personal del ingreso: las transferencias de ingreso, las políticas de jubilaciones y pensiones y el mercado de trabajo en relación con el funcionamiento de lasinstituciones laborales (sindicatos, negociación colectiva, salario mínimo y formalización laboral). El objetivo es aportar a la comprensión de los alcances y limitaciones de las políticas kirchneristas en cuanto a la desigualdad.
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