Sage-called plant species sold in Turkey and their antioxidant activities

Abstract

Sage is commonly consumed as a herbal tea in Anatolia, where not only Salvia species, but also Sideritis species are called "sage" by the local people. Therefore, it was decided to investigate the most common species of sage-called plants sold in aktars. Eighty-seven samples randomly purchased from 21 provinces throughout Turkey were identified, which finally led to the identification of 7 species; Salvia tomentosa, Salvia fruticosa, Sideritis congesta, Sideritis pisidica var. termessi, Sideritis arguta, Sideritis perfoliata and Sideritis libanotica subsp. linearis. Infusions prepared from all samples were preliminarily tested for their antioxidant activity and 7 representative species were further evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, ferrous ion-chelating and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) tests at 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 mg ml-1 and for their antiacetylcholinesterase activity. The infusions were subjected to the DPPH bioautographic revelatory test, which led to the conclusion that a flavonoid derivative seemed to be responsible for the antioxidant activity in Sideritis congesta and S. pisidica var. termessi

Determination of Antifungal and Antioxidant Activitiy of Salvia tomentosa

“…The results of total phenolics content of the sample analysed was 131.34±8.39 gallic acid equivalents mg (GAE) g -1 of extract. Total phenolic content of S. tomentosa extracted with various solvents ranged widely, among 10 and 275 μg GAE mg -1 Erdogan-Orhan, et al, 2010). In our studies result, was 131.34 mg (GAE) g -1 , which is support to with our results.…”

Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of Salvia tomentosa Miller: effects of cultivation, harvesting year, and storage

“…Additionally, results may be affected by geographical location of the plants, ecological conditions, and climate (Papageorgiou et al 2008;Kallithraka et al 2009). Erdogan-Orhan et al (2010) reported that total flavonoid content of S. tomentosa was 46.31 mg quercetin equivalent g -1 , which is consistent with our results. The flavonoid content of S. tomentosa decreased in the second harvesting year, whereas it did not change significantly through cultivation and storage.…”

“…Total phenolic content of S. tomentosa extracted with different solvents ranged broadly, between 10 and 275 µg GAE mg -1 (Tepe et al 2005;Erdogan-Orhan et al 2010). However, in our case, it was between 49.27 and 63.26 mg GAE g -1 dw.…”

“…tomentosa contains considerable amounts of secondary metabolites such as phenolics and terpenoids, which have antimicrobial (Haznedaroglu et al 2001;Aşkun et al 2010) and antioxidant (Erdogan-Orhan et al 2010) properties. Tepe et al (2005) reported that the total phenolic content of the aerial parts of S. tomentosa was 200 µg GAE mg -1 , while Erdogan-Orhan et al (2010) found the following total phenolic and flavonoid contents of S. tomentosa: 87.87 mg GAE g -1 extract and 46.31 mg quercetin equivalents g -1 extract, respectively. These differences are generally explained by the different extraction methods, geographical coordinates, climates, and ecological conditions involved (Papageorgiou et al 2008).…”

Chemical composition, antioxidant, anticholinesterase and anti-urease activities of Sideritis pisidica Boiss. Heldr. endemic to Turkey

“…Up to date, the essential oil [19][20][21][22] and fatty acid [23] compositions of S. pisidica have been studied. Also, antioxidant, antiacetylcholinesterase activity and phenolic composition of the aqueous and ethanolic extract of S. pisidica have been reported by Erdogan-Orhan et al [24] and Özkan [12].…”