Safranal Treatment Improves Hyperglycemia, Hyperlipidemia and Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

-Purpose. Clinical research has confirmed the efficacy of several plant extracts in the modulation of oxidative stress associated with diabetes mellitus. Findings indicate that safranal has antioxidant properties. The aim of the present study was the evaluation of possible protective effects of safranal against oxidative damage in diabetic rats. Methods. In this study, the rats were divided into the following groups of 8 animals each: control, untreated diabetic, three safranal (0.25, 0.50, 0.75 mg/kg/day)-treated diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in rats. STZ was injected intraperitoneally at a single dose of 60 mg/kg for diabetes induction. Safranal (intraperitoneal injection) was administered 3 days after STZ administration; these injections were continued to the end of the study (4 weeks). At the end of the 4-week period, blood was drawn for biochemical assays. In order to determine the changes of cellular antioxidant defense systems, antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were measured in serum. Moreover we also measured serum nitric oxide (NO) and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, a marker of lipid peroxidation. Results. STZ-induced diabetes caused an elevation (p < 0.001) of blood glucose, MDA, NO, total lipids, triglycerides and cholesterol, with reduction of GSH level and CAT and SOD activities. The results indicated that the significant elevation in the blood glucose, MDA, NO, total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol and reduction of glutathione level and CAT and SOD activity were ameliorated in the safranal-treated diabetic groups compared with the untreated groups, in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05, p<0.01, p < 0.001). Conclusion. These results suggest that safranal has antioxidant properties and improves chemically-induced diabetes and its complications by modulation of oxidative stress.

Neuroprotective effect of safranal, an active ingredient of Crocus sativus , in a rat model of transient cerebral ischemia

“…It was found that safranal (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 mg/kg/day, i.p. for 4 weeks) improved streptozotocin-induced diabetes and its complications by the modulation of oxidative stress markers [28]. Hazman and Ovali also reported that safranal reduced inflammation (TNF-α and IL-1β) but increased oxidative stress markers due to experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus both in the plasma and pancreas tissue [9].…”

“…Safranal possesses a wide range of properties such as being anti-oxidant [3,13], anti-inflammatory [9,14], antidiabetic [21,28], antiseizure [11,12,24], anxiolytic [6], anti-hypertensive [16], cytoprotective [4] and anti-carcinogenic [22]. In our previous research, safranal displayed obvious protective effects on brain injury induced by transient global cerebral ischemia in rats [10].…”

Preventive Effects of Ellagic Acid on Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Electrical Activity and Oxidative Stress Altered by Cerebral Global Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rat

“…GPx activity was determined in serum samples by spectrophotometry at 340 nm using a commercially available kit (Pars Azmoon Co., Iran) The GPx activity was unit per milligram of protein. [35].…”

Promising pharmacological targets for the treatment of the diseases associated with the impaired insulin receptor signaling pathway

“…Способностью ингибировать PTP1B обладает и ряд других природных соединений: полибромистый дифенилэфир, выделенный из экстракта морской губки Lamellodysidea herbacea [61], рутамарин (Rut) [62], сафранал [63], экстракт, полученный из расте-ния Annona squamosa [64]. Рутамарин стимулирует транслокацию ГЛЮТ-4 и инсулинзависимый захват Стимулирование поглощения глюкозы клетками [27,28] 4548-G05 Стимулирование поглощения глюкозы клетками, сни-жение уровня глюкозы в крови [29] 3-О-метил-хироинозитол (пинитол) Снижение уровня глюкозы, ОХ, ТГ, свободных ЖК и ФЛ в сыворотке, печени, почках, сердце и мозге [31,32] Соли ванадия Стимулирование глюкозо-индуцированной секреции инсулина β-клетками, увеличение поглощения глюко-зы клетками и их чувствительности к инсулину, сни-жение продукции глюкозы печенью [35] TLK16998 Повышение чувствительности тканей к инсулину, уве-личение захвата глюкозы клетками, снижение уровня глюкозы в крови [30] TLK19780 Усиление инсулинзависимого транспорта глюкозы в клетки, увеличение чувствительности клеток к инсу-лину и максимального ответа на инсулин [38] 6Cl-TGQ Быстрый и продолжительный захват глюкозы клетка-ми, снижение уровня глюкозы и инсулина в крови, улучшение нарушенной толерантности к глюкозе Примечание.…”

“…Сафранал индуцирует лиганднезависимую активацию инсу-линового сигнального каскада в культивируемых миотрубочках C2C12, а также при длительном перо-ральном назначении улучшает толерантность к глю-козе у мышей линии KK-Ay с моделью СД2 [65]. В опытах in vivo обнаружены антигиперлипидемиче-ский, антиоксидантный и гипогликемический эф-фекты сафранала, которые могут быть полезны в терапии осложнений СД [63,66]. Много исследований посвящено изучению ан-тидиабетической активности экстракта растения Annona squamosa.…”