Safety of the inferolateral orbital access for filling the temporal region with the fanning technique

Abstract

The hopes for achieving excellent results with low incidence of adverse effects has led cosmetic doctors to refine their anatomical knowledge and develop injection techniques which are more and more effective and safe. In this new landscape, the temporal region has become increasingly relevant, due to the important changes it goes through during the aging process and the subsequent complexity of its treatment. 1 The temple is comprised of the following 11 distinct layers: skin, subcutaneous cellular tissue, superficial temporal fascia, loose areolar tissue, superficial layer of deep temporal fascia, superficial temporal fat pad, deep layer of deep temporal fascia, deep temporal fat pad (temporal extension of the buccal fat pad), temporal muscle, pericranium, and bone (Figure 1). Its blood supply comes from the superficial temporal, middle temporal, deep temporal, posterior auricular, zygomatic-orbital, zygomatic-temporal, and zygomatic-facial. 2 Recent research articles have suggested temple treatment through fat injections, hyaluronic acid, calcium hydroxyapatite, and poly-L-lactic acid, among other substances. Different devices, such as needles and cannulas of varying sizes have been employed