Safety of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors while receiving venom immunotherapy

Predictors of side effects during the buildup phase of venom immunotherapy for Hymenoptera venom allergy: The importance of baseline serum tryptase†

“…Third, risk factors for severe adverse advents during VIT were not those associated with severe field sting reactions. Thus, in accordance with other authors, ACE inhibitor medication 23 and sex appeared to be less important during VIT. Finally, others showed that severe side effects during VIT were fairly equally distributed across the whole dose range when vespid venom was injected, whereas there was a cluster of side effects in the 1-mg to 30-mg dose range during the buildup phase of bee VIT.…”

Allergen immunotherapy: A practice parameter third update

“…272 These data provide support for the contention that ACE inhibitor use is not associated with increased frequency of systemic reactions to allergen immunotherapy; however, greater risk for a more serious reaction might still exist.…”

Over- and underestimated parameters in severe Hymenoptera venom–induced anaphylaxis: Cardiovascular medication and absence of urticaria/angioedema

“…In addition, recent studies did not detect a negative effect of ACE-inhibitor medication during VIT. 15,39 Considering the overwhelming evidence of beta-blockers' 40,41 and ACE-inhibitors' 42 beneficial effect on survival rates in a number of cardiovascular and renal diseases, any recommendation to change or discontinue cardiovascular medication in venomallergic patients should be reflected with great care. 22,23 Conclusions A structured medical history focusing on details related to the index sting reaction represents the first and most important approach to the venom-allergic patient.…”