Safety Evaluation of the Aqueous Extract Kothala Himbutu (<i>Salacia reticulata</i>) Stem in the Hepatic Gene Expression Profile of Normal Mice Using DNA Microarrays

Im, Ryanghyok; Miyata, Hiroshi; Nakatani, Sachie; Shimizu, Jun; Wada, Masahiro

doi:10.1271/bbb.70745

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It was reported that there was a slight weight loss in mice and rats that were fed with Salacia [11,12]. In another study, after Salacia intake for 3 weeks, it was reported that body weight did not differ between the control and Salacia groups [29]. Thus, the addition of IP-PA1 did not induce abrupt body weight change similar to Salacia alone, and if our study was prolonged, it may have been different between the control group and the SI group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mixture ofSalacia oblongaextract and IP-PA1 reduces fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels

Nakata

Taniguchi²,

Yoshioka³

et al. 2011

Nutr Res Pract

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At present, lifestyle-related diseases are one of the most critical health issues worldwide. It has been reported that lipopolysaccharide derived from a Gram-negative bacteria (IP-PA1) symbiotic with wheat exhibited several advantageous biological effects, such as the reduction of plasma glucose levels in NOD mice and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in WHHL rabbits. In this study, the beneficial effects on plasma glucose and lipids of a tea (SI tea) consisting of IP-PA1 and Salacia (which contains an inhibitor of α-glucosidase) were investigated in the KK-Ay/TaJcl type 2 diabetic model mice and in human subjects with premetabolic syndrome in a double-blind, randomized study. SI tea significantly decreased plasma glucose levels in KK-Ay/TaJcl mice. A clinical trial of SI tea was performed with 41 subjects between the ages of 40 and 69, who belonged either to a high plasma glucose group (HG: FPG 100-125 mg/dl) or to a hyperlipidemia group (HL: TG ≥ 150 mg/dl, or LDL ≥ 120 mg/dl, or HDL < 40 mg/dl). These subjects ingested either Salacia without IP-PA1 (the control) or SI tea. Blood samples were collected at 0, 30, and 60 days after initiating SI tea treatment, and were measured for FPG, HbA1c, TG, LDL, and HDL. These results showed that SI tea reduced FPG and HbA1c more rapidly than the control in the HL group, and also significantly improved LDL and HDL levels in the HG group. Thus, SI tea may be helpful in preventing lifestyle-related diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mixture ofSalacia oblongaextract and IP-PA1 reduces fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels

Nakata

Taniguchi²,

Yoshioka³

et al. 2011

Nutr Res Pract

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“…Transcriptomic analyses have been used to prove the effect of many other compounds. Traditional medicines such as Salacia reticulata stem upregulated catechol-o-methyltransferase and succinyl-CoA synthetase expressions in mice [ 146 ]. Coptis rhizoma displayed a unique antiproliferation pattern via p53 signaling, p53 activated, and DNA damage signaling pathways in HepG2 cells [ 147 ].…”

Section: Minor Dietary Components Of Foodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Transcriptomics to Unveil the Role of Nutrients in Mammalian Liver

Osada

2013

ISRN Nutrition

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Liver is the organ primarily responding to diet, and it is crucial in determining plasma carbohydrate, protein, and lipid levels. In addition, it is mainly responsible for transformation of xenobiotics. For these reasons, it has been a target of transcriptomic analyses. In this review, we have covered the works dealing with the response of mammalian liver to different nutritional stimuli such as fasting/feeding, caloric restriction, dietary carbohydrate, cholesterol, fat, protein, bile acid, salt, vitamin, and oligoelement contents. Quality of fats or proteins has been equally addressed, and has the influence of minor dietary components. Other compounds, not purely nutritional as those represented by alcohol and food additives, have been included due to their relevance in processed food. The influence has been studied not only on mRNA but also on miRNA. The wide scope of the technology clearly reflects that any simple intervention has profound changes in many metabolic parameters and that there is a synergy in response when more compounds are included in the intervention. Standardized arrays to systematically test the same genes in all studies and analyzing data to establish patterns of response are required, particularly for RNA sequencing. Moreover, RNA is a valuable, easy-screening ally but always requires further confirmation.

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“…This extract has also been demonstrated to improve symptoms in diabetic patients as well as diabetic mouse models [3]. Some compounds found in Salacia plant extract, such as catechins and mangiferin, are known to have an anti‐obesity effect [4], and an increasing number of novel findings about Salacia plants have been reported in recent years [5, 6]. However, little is known about other functions of Salacia plant extract or the mechanisms underlying its biological effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical investigation and gene expression analysis of the immunostimulatory functions of an edible Salacia extract in rat small intestine

et al. 2010

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Roots and bark from plants belonging to genus Salacia of the family Hippocrateaceae (Salacia reticulata, Salacia oblonga, etc.) have been used for traditional Ayurvedic medicine, particularly for the treatment of diabetes. In our study, we evaluated the gene expression profiles in the small intestinal epithelium of rats that were given a Salacia plant extract to gain insight into its effects on the small intestine. In detail, DNA microarray analysis was performed to evaluate the gene expression profiles in the rat ileal epithelium. The intestinal bacterial flora was also studied using T-RFLP (Nagashima method) in these rats. Expressions of many immune-related genes, especially Th1-related genes associated with cell-mediated immunity, were found to increase in the small intestinal epithelium and the intestinal bacterial flora became similar to those in the case with Salacia plant extract administration. Our study thus revealed that Salacia plant extract exerts bioregulatory functions by boosting intestinal immunity.

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Safety Evaluation of the Aqueous Extract Kothala Himbutu (Salacia reticulata) Stem in the Hepatic Gene Expression Profile of Normal Mice Using DNA Microarrays

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

A mixture ofSalacia oblongaextract and IP-PA1 reduces fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels

A mixture ofSalacia oblongaextract and IP-PA1 reduces fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels

The Use of Transcriptomics to Unveil the Role of Nutrients in Mammalian Liver

Biochemical investigation and gene expression analysis of the immunostimulatory functions of an edible Salacia extract in rat small intestine

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