Safety evaluation of a novel muramidase for feed application

Lichtenberg, Jens; Calvo, E. Pérez; Madsen, Kirsten; Lund, T. Østergaard; Birkved, F. Kramer; Cauwenberghe, S. van; Mourier, M.; Wulf-Andersen, Linda; Jansman, A.J.M.; Lopez-Ulibarri, Rual

doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.07.014

Cited by 24 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Applying a x100 safety factor to this exposure and considering standard feed intakes and body weights (specified in Table 10), along the proposal of EFSA (2017), the safe feed level of Muramidase 007 for broiler chickens and piglets would be 42,843 and 76,923 LSU(F)/kg feed, respectively. These levels are well below (by almost a factor 10) the 450,000 and 650,000 LSU(F)/kg feed evidenced as safe by Lichtenberg et al. (2017) and in the current safety study, thereof confirming, on two distinct animal categories, that the NOAEL derived approach proposed by EFSA (2017) is indeed conservative and thus suitable for safety determination in given target species, at least when applied to Muramidase 007.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…All treatment values for AST were within the normal biological range for pigs (Cooper et al., 2014) and there was a lack of a clear dose correlation suggesting that these differences could be considered within the expected biological variability for the parameter and species. The safety evaluation of Muramidase 007 in broilers found no effects of this enzyme on AST concentrations in serum (Lichtenberg et al., 2017). Similarly, serum SDH was higher in T4 than T2 but neither were different to the control and all levels were within the normal biological range for pigs (Cooper et al., 2014) therefore, this response was not considered to be biological relevant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2017) and in the current safety study, thereof confirming, on two distinct animal categories, that the NOAEL derived approach proposed by EFSA (2017) is indeed conservative and thus suitable for safety determination in given target species, at least when applied to Muramidase 007. Beyond the intra-species consideration, allowing extending the safety conclusions evidenced in piglets (the most sensitive model) to other types of pigs (pigs for fattening, sows), the NOAEL/100 approach further documents the absence of safety concern for other poultry categories than the ones documented in Lichtenberg et al. (2017), namely the layers and the turkeys (specified in Table 10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Muramidase 007 was supplied by Novozymes A/S (Bagsvaerd, Denmark) and it was produced as described by Lichtenberg et al. (2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Muramidase 007 is proposed to be used in the feed market as a digestive aid to support gastrointestinal functionality in swine. Its safety for application in poultry feed has been recently established (Lichtenberg et al., 2017). The objectives of the studies detailed in this paper were to assess the safety of Muramidase 007 in growing pigs and determine if supplementation of the enzyme can also improve growth performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety and efficacy evaluation of a novel dietary muramidase for swine

Schliffka¹,

Zhai²,

Calvo

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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The safety of a novel microbial muramidase (Muramidase 007) as a feed additive for swine was evaluated in a target animal safety study (Experiment 1). Forty weanling pigs were allotted to 4 dietary treatments: T1 control group, and 3 groups receiving Muramidase 007 in increasing doses: T2 65,000 (1X), T3 325,000 (5X) and T4 650,000 (10X) LSU(F)/kg feed. The efficacy of Muramidase 007 on growth performance was evaluated in a feeding experiment (Experiment 2). A total of 288 piglets were allotted to two groups: T1 control group and T2 receiving Muramidase 007 at 50,000 (LSU(F)/kg feed. In Experiment 1, no growth depression of pigs was observed. No adverse effects of Muramidase 007 were observed for any of the hematology and serum chemistry parameters measured or on pig health status. Post-mortem evaluation showed no adverse effects due to Muramidase 007 supplementation in the gross pathology or in the histological examination. In Experiment 2, Muramidase 007 significantly increased overall (d 0–42) average daily gain (ADG) and tended to improve overall average daily feed intake (ADFI) and day 42 body weight of nursery pigs and had no effect on feed conversion ratio (FCR). Overall, results of these studies show that there were no adverse effects of Muramidase 007 compared to the control group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Muramidase 007 was supplied by Novozymes A/S (Bagsvaerd, Denmark) and it was produced as described by Lichtenberg et al. (2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety and efficacy evaluation of a novel dietary muramidase for swine

Schliffka¹,

Zhai²,

Calvo

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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Enzymes and Gut Health in Monogastric Animals: Effects Beyond Digestibility

Pont¹,

Eyng

Kogut

2022

Gut Microbiota, Immunity, and Health in Production Animals

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Safety and efficacy profile of a phytase produced by fermentation and used as a feed additive

Thorsen

Nielsen

Zhai³

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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Enzymes can aid in optimal feed stock utilization when used as feed additives. A range of toxicological studies were performed to evaluate the safety profile of a novel phytase (phytase HM) from Citrobacter braakii produced in Aspergillus oryzae. Phytase HM was found to be non-mutagenic and non-clastogenic in in vitro tests. Further, the phytase HM preparation did not exhibit irritative potential to the eye and skin when applied in in vitro models. A 13-week subchronic toxicity study with oral administration of phytase HM to rats did not show any adverse effects. Efficacy studies showed that the dietary supplementation of this phytase significantly improved growth performance and bone mineralization in broiler chickens and piglets fed P-deficient diets, and increased retention of phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca), and phytate-P degradation in excreta of broiler chickens in a dose-dependent manner.In conclusion, there are no safety concerns using phytase HM as a feed additive and the phytase is well tolerated by broiler chickens and pigs. Further, phytase HM improves with high efficacy the growth performance in both broiler chickens and pigs.

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Safety evaluation of a novel muramidase for feed application

Cited by 24 publications

References 46 publications

Safety and efficacy evaluation of a novel dietary muramidase for swine

Safety and efficacy evaluation of a novel dietary muramidase for swine

Enzymes and Gut Health in Monogastric Animals: Effects Beyond Digestibility

Safety and efficacy profile of a phytase produced by fermentation and used as a feed additive

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