“…Trajectory data have been widely used for spatial analysis problems, such as data mining for movement patterns (Taniar & Goh, 2007;Zheng, 2015), estimating urban movement (Iwata et al, 2017), traffic modelling (Xu et al, 2019;Zhao & Shi) and contact tracing (Kim et al, 2020;S et al, 2020;Vogt et al, 2021).…”