Saccharothrix saharensis sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from Algerian Saharan soil

Abstract

The taxonomic position of a novel actinomycete, strain SA152 T , isolated from a sample of Algerian Saharan soil, was determined using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The strain produced abundant aerial mycelium and fragmented substrate mycelium on most media tested. Chemotaxonomically and phylogenetically, the strain was related to the members of the genus Saccharothrix. Results of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison revealed that strain SA152 T shared the highest degree of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Saccharothrix xinjiangensis NBRC 101911 T (99.3 %) and Saccharothrix texasensis NRRL B-16134 T (98.9 %).However, DNA-DNA hybridization studies showed only 16.2 % relatedness with S. xinjiangensis DSM 44896 T and 33.9 % relatedness with S. texasensis DSM 44231T . Based upon genotypic and phenotypic differences from other members of the genus, a novel species, Saccharothrix saharensis sp. nov., is proposed, with SA152 T (5DSM 45456 T 5CCUG 60213 T ) as the type strain.The genus Saccharothrix was described by Labeda et al. (1984) for actinomycete strains that were characterized by fragmentation of both the substrate and aerial mycelia into rods and ovoid elements, a type-III cell wall, containing meso-diaminopimelic acid without glycine, galactose, rhamnose and small amounts of mannose as diagnostic whole-cell sugars, a phospholipid type PII (phosphatidylethanolamine) or PIV (phosphatidylethanolamine and phospholipids containing glucosamine) pattern (Labeda & Lechevalier, 1989) and MK-9(H 4 ) as the predominant menaquinone, while mycolic acids are absent (Labeda & Kroppenstedt, 2000). In recent years, several Saccharothrix strains have been transferred to other new taxa, including the genera Lentzea (Yassin et al., 1995), Crossiella (Labeda, 2001), Lechevalieria (Labeda et al., 2001), Goodfellowia (Labeda & Kroppenstedt, 2006) and Umezawaea (Labeda & Kroppenstedt, 2007). At the time of writing, the genus Saccharothrix includes 13 recognized species.In the course of isolation of Saharan actinomycetes, several novel strains and species of Saccharothrix have been isolated from Algerian Saharan soil, such as Saccharothrix algeriensis DSM 44581T (Zitouni et al., 2004a) and Saccharothrix hoggarensis DSM 45457 T (Boubetra et al., 2013). Furthermore, many of these strains were shown to produce interesting antibiotics such as mutactimycins (Zitouni et al., 2004b), dithiolopyrrolones (Bouras et al., 2008) and chloramphenicol (Aouiche et al., 2012). The present study is a part of the same programme to investigate the diversity of actinomycetes in these extreme conditions. Strain SA152T was isolated from a soil sample collected from Adrar palm grove in southern Algeria, by a dilution agar plating method using humic acid-vitamins agar medium (Hayakawa & Nonomura, 1987) supplemented with cycloheximide (50 mg ml -1 ). The micro-organism was maintained on ISP 2 agar slopes at room temperature and as 20 % (v/v) glycerol suspensions at 220 u C.Cultural characteristics were investigated on media from the International Strep...

Saccharothrix tamanrassetensis sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from Saharan soil

“…Labeda et al (1984) proposed the genus Saccharothrix for actinomycetal strains that were characterized by fragmentation of both the substrate and aerial mycelia into rods and ovoid elements, a type III cell wall containing meso -diaminopimelic acid without glycine, galactose, rhamnose and small amounts of mannose as diagnostic whole cell sugars, a phospholipid type PII (phosphatidylethanolamine) or PIV (phosphatidylethanolamine and phospholipids containing glucosamine) pattern (Labeda & Lechevalier, 1989), and MK-9(H 4 ) as the predominant menaquinone, while mycolic acids were absent (Labeda & Kroppenstedt, 2000). The presence of members of the genus Saccharothrix has been reported previously in Saharan soils with several novel isolates, such as Saccharothrix algeriensis DSM 44581 T (Zitouni et al , 2004a), Saccharothrix hoggarensis DSM 45457 T (Boubetra et al , 2013a) and Saccharothrix saharensis DSM 45456 T (Boubetra et al , 2013b). Moreover, many of these Saharan strains were shown to produce new antibiotics such as mutactimycins (Zitouni et al , 2004b), dithiolopyrrolones (Bouras et al , 2008) and chloramphenicol (Aouiche et al , 2012).…”

Molecular identification of Actinomadura madurae isolated from a patient originally from Algeria; observations from a case report

“…Although Actinomadura species is known as an agent of desert areas [ 15 ], we isolated it from a patient, originally from a humid region (880 mm rainfall), which supports the findings reported by Zait et al [ 14 ]. Contrary to the little information found about the human actinomycetoma, the search for actinomycetes in the environment (water and soils) was performed in several parts of Algeria, in particular in the south and north-eastern regions, allowing to isolate several genera such as Actinomadura, Saccharothrix, and Streptomyces [ 16 – 19 ]. Imported cases of actinomycetoma have been already reported in European countries such as Italy [ 20 ], France [ 21 ] and Switzerland [ 22 ].…”

Antimicrobial activities of novel bipyridine compounds produced by a new strain of Saccharothrix isolated from Saharan soil

“…The arid soils of the Algerian Sahara have been shown to be rich in members of the Saccharothrix genus (Sabaou et al, 1998, Zitouni et al, 2005) including new species, such as Saccharothrix algeriensis NRRL B-24137 T (Zitouni et al, 2004a), Saccharothrix hoggarensis DSM 45457 T , Saccharothrix saharensis DSM 45456 T , Saccharothrix tamanrassetensis DSM 45947 T (Boubetra et al, 2013a, Boubetra et al, 2013b, Boubetra et al, 2015), Saccharothrix isguenensis DSM 46885 T and Saccharotrix ghardaiensis DSM 46886 T (Bouznada et al, 2016, Bouznada et al, 2017). In addition, many studies have shown the ability of Saccharothrix strains isolated from these soils to produce new or known antibiotics, such as dithiolopyrrolones (Lamari et al, 2002, Bouras et al, 2008, Merrouche et al, 2011), anthracyclines (Zitouni et al, 2004b) and chloramphenicol (Aouiche at al., 2012).…”