Sa Huynh and Cham potteries: microstructure and likely processing

Colomban, Philippe; Khoi, Doan Ngoc; Liem, Nguyen Quang; Roche, Cecile

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2003.06.005

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This glazing seems to be favoured by the presence of feldspars that act as a melting agent in a strongly reducing atmosphere. This is consistent with the observations of Colomban et al, 32 who reported a similar behaviour in the body of an ancient Vietnamese sherd which was fired at rather low temperatures (850-900°C) but presented excellent mechanical characteristics. The presence of carbon exclusively in the surface of the coating confirms the hypothesis of a firing process in a partially reducing atmosphere, probably reached by acting on the system of draught of the furnace and introducing smoke substances, such as organic materials.…”

Section: Discussion Of Datasupporting

confidence: 82%

The role of Raman microspectroscopy in the study of black gloss coatings on Roman pottery

Ospitali

Sabetta

Tullini

et al. 2005

J. Raman Spectrosc.

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Raman microspectroscopy was adopted for the study of black gloss coatings on Roman pottery, found in Rimini (northern Italy) and in Suasa, near Ancona (central Italy), dated second century B.C. This nondestructive technique allowed a very accurate analysis of the crystalline and amorphous components of thin surface layers. The investigated coating is black, homogeneous and glazed, without any crystals, becoming red on approaching to the ceramic body. Magnetite and carbon are the main phases of the black zones, whereas hercynite, quartz, silicates and haematite are the secondary components. In the red zones, approaching the ceramic body, the amount of haematite increases and the amount of magnetite decreases. The presence of carbon, on the surface only, confirms the hypothesis of a firing cycle in a partial reducing atmosphere.

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Section: Discussion Of Datasupporting

confidence: 82%

The role of Raman microspectroscopy in the study of black gloss coatings on Roman pottery

Ospitali

Sabetta

Tullini

et al. 2005

J. Raman Spectrosc.

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“…2d, may be attributed to the coiling of pottery [18]. Distribution of bloating pores in this sample reveals that it was fired in multi-step technology at relatively high temperature [19,20]. Such morphological variations might come from different requirements by consumers, as previously suggested in literature [9].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Investigations of fine-paste ware production and exchange in maritime Southeast Asia by electron microscopy and synchrotron X-ray absorption

Sirisathitkul

Jutimoosik

Abbasi

et al. 2019

PAC

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The combination of synchrotron X-ray absorption and electron microscopy provided information on the production and exchange of fine-paste ware (FPW), dated to around the 11 th to 14 th centuries in peninsular Thailand and maritime Southeast Asia. White FPW sherds from Kota Cina in north Sumatra, a well-known trading city in Indonesia, have similar clay composition to those from Kok Moh on Satingphra Spit in peninsular Thailand. Also, homogeneous texture indicating high firing temperatures was found in the samples from Kota Cina as well as in those from Phra Mahathat Temple and Suan Luang Temple in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province in Thailand. However, the split Mn K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) peaks are exclusively observed in the samples from Nakhon Si Thammarat. The distinctly large compositions of α-Fe 2 O 3 and carbon, respectively confirmed by Fe K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) spectra, suggest that Nakhon Si Thammarat probably had at least a FPW production site in which the ash glazing process may have been implemented. The evidence of such process is not found in the samples from other sites in maritime Southeast Asia in this analysis.

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“…The firing temperatures of ancient ceramics are of interest because they provide information on pottery specific to the kiln and manufacturing skills used by ancient potters . Different methods have been employed to make estimations of firing temperatures of ancient pottery.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different methods have been employed to make estimations of firing temperatures of ancient pottery. These include the mineral phases of ceramics by optical microscopy, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and by thermal expansion measurement . In addition, Leon et al (2010) reported that the intensity of the Raman band at 680 cm −1 for hematite increases as firing temperature rises, and use an intensity ratio of 680 cm −1 /620 cm −1 versus an intensity ratio of 680 cm −1 /415 cm −1 to estimate firing temperatures .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐technique study of archaeological cord‐marked wares decorated with red coatings from Taiwan

Liou

2014

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Archaeological finds of Neolithic to Iron Age pottery show clay potsherds characterized by red cord-markings. The items date back from 5500 to 1500 B.P. To better understand temporal changes in the provenance of raw-material sources, and the nature of materials used in the red colorant and ceramic bodies, micro-Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and micro X-ray florescence spectroscopy (μXRF) were applied to 29 red-coated potsherd samples found at twelve archaeological sites across Taiwan. The techniques identified the chemical and mineralogical composition of the red coatings and ceramic bodies as well as the production methods of ancient potters. Eighteen mineral phases were identified from the Raman spectra, including hematite, αquartz, and anatase. Feldspar, rutile, pyroxenes, calcite, gypsum, amorphous carbon, and graphite were also detected. XRD measurements, and μXRF analyses were used as complementary techniques to obtain mineral and chemical compositions. Hematite, anatase, calcite, plagioclase feldspar, and illite were present in potsherds, suggesting pottery produced from illitic clays fired at less than 850°C under oxidizing conditions. Results further suggest that raw materials were sourced from or near local volcanic rock areas, and more broadly from metamorphic or sedimentary rocks and clays. Chemically, raw materials used for red coatings are different to those of the ceramic bodies. Objects from most sites used the same raw material sources; however, some sites contain objects made from changing sources over time. Pot coatings exhibit polygonal cracks, and loosened cementation strongly suggesting that finely processed moist clays were fired to a biscuit form with no second stage firing process. The nondestructive Raman experiments identified and characterized mineral phases, which helped understand manufacturing techniques. Overall the multi-technique approach gave extensive information on the finds, helping to differentiate raw material sources and production technologies. This approach is an important and effective method for investigating archaeological finds. quantities versus (c) Al 2 O 3 and (d) TiO 2 . The non-broken and dotted lined circles include most of the decorations and ceramic bodies of analyzed samples, respectively.

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Sa Huynh and Cham potteries: microstructure and likely processing

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

The role of Raman microspectroscopy in the study of black gloss coatings on Roman pottery

The role of Raman microspectroscopy in the study of black gloss coatings on Roman pottery

Investigations of fine-paste ware production and exchange in maritime Southeast Asia by electron microscopy and synchrotron X-ray absorption

Multi‐technique study of archaeological cord‐marked wares decorated with red coatings from Taiwan

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