S100B blood levels and childhood trauma in adolescent inpatients

Abstract

Background-Serum levels of the astrocytic protein S100B have been reported to indicate disruption of the blood-brain barrier. In this study, we investigated the relationship between S100B levels and childhood trauma in a child psychiatric inpatient unit.Method-Levels of S100B were measured in a group of youth with mood disorders or psychosis with and without history of childhood trauma as well as in healthy controls. Study participants were 93 inpatient adolescents admitted with a diagnosis of psychosis (N = 67), or mood disorder (N = 26) and 22 healthy adolescents with no history of trauma or psychiatric illness. Childhood trauma was documented using the Life Events Checklist (LEC) and Adverse Child Experiences (ACE).Results-In a multivariate regression model, suicidality scores and trauma were the only two variables which were independently related to serum S100B levels. Patients with greater levels of childhood trauma had significantly higher S100B levels even after controlling for intensity of suicidal ideation. Patients with psychotic diagnoses and mood disorders did not significantly differ in their levels of S100B. Patients exposed to childhood trauma were significantly more likely to have elevated levels of S100B (p < .001) than patients without trauma, and patients with trauma had significantly higher S100B levels (p < .001) when compared to the control group. LEC (p 0.046), and BPRS-C suicidality scores (p = 0.001) significantly predicted S100B levels.Conclusions-Childhood trauma can potentially affect the integrity of the blood-brain barrier as indicated by associated increased S100B levels.

Blood biomarkers are associated with brain function and blood flow following sport concussion

“…Yet, it is difficult to consolidate these findings, as the imaging modalities, patient cohorts, and injuries differed between studies. Interpretation is further complicated by the potential non-specificity of s100B to concussion; s100B may be elevated after exercise and non-head trauma (Falcone et al, 2015;Savola et al, 2004). Yet, beyond s100B, perturbations in peripheral blood levels of calpain cleaved aII spectrin N-terminal fragment (SNTF) and GFAP have also been correlated with changes in advanced neuroimaging metrics in mTBI patients (Kou et al, 2013;Siman et al, 2013).…”

Elevated plasma concentrations of S100 calcium-binding protein B and tumor necrosis factor alpha in children with autism spectrum disorders

“…A growing body of evidence suggests the potential use of circulating S100B as a biomarker of global glial activity, which is shown to be altered in several neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions, ranging from CNS traumatic and vascular brain injury 27 to psychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia, mood disorders, 18 and childhood trauma. 28 At higher concentrations in the brain, S100B can also cause neuronal apoptosis by both microglial activation and neurotoxicity. 29,30 We also observed an association between circulating levels of S100B and TNF-a.…”

Lack of CAR impacts neuronal function and cerebrovascular integrity in vivo

“…The latter is clinically relevant as the association between cerebrovascular permeability, the immune system and neuronal dysfunction is gaining momentum (Friedman, 2011; Khandaker et al, 2015; Marchi et al, 2014). Thus, loss of cerebrovascular integrity impacts cognition, affection (Falcone et al, 2015; Khandaker et al, 2015), behavior and susceptibility to seizures (Friedman, 2011; Khandaker et al, 2015; Marchi et al, 2014). Recent studies indicated neuronal maldevelopment (Fan et al, 2008) and changes in neuronal metabolism of neurotransmitters in NR deficient mice (Huang et al, 2015; Tan et al, 2012) including PXR, the CAR cognate xenobiotic receptor (Frye et al, 2013; Zhou et al, 2009).…”