S-phase-specific transcription regulatory elements are present in a replication-independent testis-specific H2B histone gene.

Hwang, I; Chae, Chi‐Bom

doi:10.1128/mcb.9.3.1005

Cited by 39 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…speculate that Sprm-1 might be involved in regulation of genes such as the testis-specific histones that contain octamer elements in their regulatory region (40) and are activated before meiosis in the male germ cell (41). However, we cannot rule out the possibility that Sperm-i protein is stored in the developing germ cell and serves a function at a later stage of spermatogenesis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Sperm 1: a POU-domain gene transiently expressed immediately before meiosis I in the male germ cell.

Andersen

Pearse

Schlegel

et al. 1993

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Members of the POU-domain gene family encode for transcriptional regulatory molecules that are important for terminal differentiation of several organ systems, including anterior pituitary, sensory neurons, and B lymphocytes. We have identified a POU-domain factor, referred to as sperm 1 (Sprm-1). This factor is most related to the transactivator Oct-3/4, which is expressed in the early embryo, primordial germ cells, and the egg. However, in contrast with Oct-3/4, rat Sprm-1 is selectively expressed during a 36- to 48-hr period immediately preceding meiosis I in male germ cells. Although the POU-domain of Sprm-1 is divergent from the POU-domains of Oct-1 and Oct-2, random-site-selection assay reveals that Sprm-1 preferentially binds to a specific variant of the classic octamer DNA-response element in which the optimal sequence differs from that preferred by Oct-1 and Pit-1. These data suggest that the Sprm-1 gene encodes a DNA-binding protein that may exert a regulatory function in meiotic events that are required for terminal differentiation of the male germ cell.

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mentioning

confidence: 92%

Sperm 1: a POU-domain gene transiently expressed immediately before meiosis I in the male germ cell.

Andersen

Pearse

Schlegel

et al. 1993

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…released cells) and cells remaining under blocked conditions were determined. Thus, as described by Hwang and Chae [30], the cell-cycle dependence of the individual promoter constructs could be expressed as the ratio between the normalized mean luciferase activity of the released cultures and the mean luciferase value of the corresponding blocked cultures. Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conserved sequence elements in human main type‐H1 histone gene promoters : their role in H1 gene expression

Meergans¹,

Albig²,

Doenecke³

1998

European Journal of Biochemistry

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In man, the H1 class of histones consists of seven different isoforms, termed H1.1ϪH1.5, H1t and H1°. Analysis of the promoters of the respective genes reveals that all seven H1 gene promoters share conserved sequence elements: a TATA box at around position Ϫ25 (relative to the transcription start site), a CCAAT motif at about position Ϫ50 (except in the H1 promoter), an H1-box (AAACACA) around position Ϫ110 (except in the H1.1 promoter), and the highly conserved motif TGTGT/CTA (TG-box or CH1UE) at around nucleotide position Ϫ450 (except in the H1.1 promoter). Analysis of the H1.3 gene promoter was carried out with reporter gene assays (using the luciferase gene as a reporter gene) including stepwise deletion and site-directed mutagenesis. In addition, electrophoretic mobility-shift assays were carried out for the analysis of protein/DNA interactions at conserved promoter motifs. Mutation analysis indicates that the CH1UE motif is involved in mediating the S-phase-dependent expression of the H1.3 gene. Comparison of H1 promoters shows that the CCAAT-box is extended in each case by CA. Mutational analysis indicates that only the CCAATCA heptanucleotide, but not just the CCAAT sequence mediates the effect of this element in H1 gene promoters.Keywords : histone H1; histone gene promoter; (histone) gene expression ; gene regulation; luciferase activity.Histones are a major component in the eukaryotic nucleus and play an important role in forming the fundamental nucleosomal subunit structure of chromatin. They are subdivided into the group of core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4), which form the histone octamer of the nucleosomal core and the group of H1-linker histones. These H1 histones seal two rounds of DNA at the surface of the core-histone octamer [1], influence the positioning of nucleosomes [2,3] and are essential for the formation of higher order chromatin structures [4]. In addition, H1 histones exert general inhibitory effects on transcription [5,6], but can also play a specific role in gene regulation [7Ϫ9].In mammals, the group of H1 histones consists of at least seven different subtypes. The H1 histones represent the most variable class of the otherwise highly conserved histone proteins. Based on both the timing of synthesis relative to the cell cycle and their tissue-specific occurrence, the H1 histones can be classified into three different groups of subtypes : (a) the main type-H1 histones, which are expressed in close relation to the S phase of the cell cycle ; (b) the replacement subtype H1, which is usually expressed in highly differentiated cells and (c) the subtype H1t which is expressed exclusively in the testis [10].

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“…The following protease inhibitors were added to the homogenization buffer: leupeptin, 0.5 pg/ml; pepstatin, 0.7 pg/ml; aprotinin 1 pg/ml; bestatin 40 pg/ml [20]. Protein extracts were frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -70°C until use.…”

Section: Nuclear Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aphidicolin was used to block transfected HeLa cells at the transition from the G1 to the S phase of the cell cycle (following essentially the protocol of Hwang and Chae [20]). Cells were transfected with the individual CAT gene/promoter constructs.…”

Section: Aphidicolin Treatment Of Transfected Hela Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of a distal promoter element in the S‐phase control of the human H1.2 histone gene transcription

Eilers

Bouterfa

Triebe

et al. 1994

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The expression of one of the human main type H1 histone genes (termed H1.2) appears to be regulated by several trans-acting factors. Upstream of consensus regulatory regions, such as the TATA-, CCAAT-and H1-box (AAACACA) sequences, a crucial control site is located between nucleotide positions -536 and -412 (relative to the ATG initiation site). Removal of this promoter portion causes in chloramphenicol acetyl transferase reporter gene constructs a loss of the S-phase control function of the H1.2 promoter in HeLa cells. Electrophoretic mobility-shift assay and DNase I footprinting analysis suggest that the H1-box variant AAACAGA is a potential control element within the distal promoter region.The H1 group of mammalian histones comprises several subtypes, which differ in primary structure. Developmental control and cell-type-specific composition of the H1 complement has been described [l]. Compared with core histones, H1 proteins represent the most variable class of the otherwise highly conserved histone protein family. Five main type H1 histone genes have been described [2-51 in addition to genes which are solely expressed in specific cell types, such as the H1° gene [6], which is only expressed in highly differentiated cells [7, 81, and the Hlt gene [9, 101, which is transcribed during the spermatocyte stages of spermatogenesis [111.Despite the different transcriptional regulation, all vertebrate H1 genes (except the avian red blood cell H1 subtype H5) share a promoter element with the sequence AAACACA [12, 131. Its involvement in the S-phase-dependent transcription of chicken [12] and human [13] H1 genes has been demonstrated by deletion analysis [12] and factor titration throughout the cell cycle [13]. We have extended the functional analysis of the human H1.2 (for nomenclature, see [2]) gene promoter including more distal promoter sites. A combination of a series of promoter deletions, reporter gene constructs and footprint analysis revealed that promoter sites upstream of the consensus H1 box contribute to the S-phasespecific expression of the H1.2 gene. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell cultureHeLa cells were grown in minimal essential medium at 37°C with 10% (by vol.) fetal calf serum in the presence of 5% CO,. The cells were grown to a density of 3-4X105 cells/ml before harvesting. Subsequently they were rinsed with NaCW, (0.14 M NaC1, 2.5 mM KC1, 8.1 mM Na2HP04, 1.5 mM KH2P04, pH 7.4) and treated with trypsinBDTA [0.05% trypsin (mass/vol.), 0.02% EDTA (mass/vol.), in Puck salt (solution A)] for 2-3 min at 37°C. 16-20 h prior to transfection, cells were seeded at a density of 4-6X104 cells/cm2 in order to reach logarithmic growth at the time of transfection. Cloning and stepwise deletion of 5' flanking sequences of the human H1.2 histone geneThree fragments (termed KO, K1 and K2, see Fig. 2) were excised by restriction enzyme cleavage from the H1.2 promoter [4] and inserted into a Bluescript KS vector, which had been cut with EcoRI and HincII. After insertion into Bluescript vector, XbaVXhoI-flanked fragments ...

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S-phase-specific transcription regulatory elements are present in a replication-independent testis-specific H2B histone gene.

Cited by 39 publications

References 34 publications

Sperm 1: a POU-domain gene transiently expressed immediately before meiosis I in the male germ cell.

Sperm 1: a POU-domain gene transiently expressed immediately before meiosis I in the male germ cell.

Conserved sequence elements in human main type‐H1 histone gene promoters : their role in H1 gene expression

Role of a distal promoter element in the S‐phase control of the human H1.2 histone gene transcription

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