Rutin as a Potent Antioxidant: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Abstract

A wide range of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and prion diseases, share common mechanisms such as neuronal loss, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Intervention strategies using plant-derived bioactive compounds have been offered as a form of treatment for these debilitating conditions, as there are currently no remedies to prevent, reverse, or halt the progression of neuronal loss. Rutin, a glycoside of the flavonoid quercetin, is found in many plants and fruits, especially buckwheat, apricots, cherries, grapes, grapefruit, plums, and oranges. Pharmacological studies have reported the beneficial effects of rutin in many disease conditions, and its therapeutic potential in several models of NDs has created considerable excitement. Here, we have summarized the current knowledge on the neuroprotective mechanisms of rutin in various experimental models of NDs. The mechanisms of action reviewed in this article include reduction of proinflammatory cytokines, improved antioxidant enzyme activities, activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, downregulation of mRNA expression of PD-linked and proapoptotic genes, upregulation of the ion transport and antiapoptotic genes, and restoration of the activities of mitochondrial complex enzymes. Taken together, these findings suggest that rutin may be a promising neuroprotective compound for the treatment of NDs.

Saudi Rosmarinus officinalis and Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenols and Biological Activities

“…DOPAC, has known antioxidant activities as revealed in previous studies [55]. Rutoside (rutin) is known also as potent antioxidant [56]. Previous studied revealed antioxidant activities of leaf extracts of O. basilicum [24,25,57].…”

Musa balbisiana Fruit Rich in Polyphenols Attenuates Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in Rats via Inhibition of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

“…Intake of chlorogenic acid, quercetin and apigenin, present in Musa balbisiana fruit powder, have been associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes [11,[22][23][24]. Recently, it was reported that the beneficial effects of phenolic compounds have been attributed to their antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties [25][26][27]. Earlier reports also demonstrate several plant extracts showing their beneficial effect through strong antioxidant properties, which are mainly due to the presence of polyphenol compounds [28][29][30].…”

Protective effect of daidzein against streptozotocin‐induced Alzheimer's disease via improving cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress in rat model

“…MDA estimation led to assaying of lipid peroxidation (LPO) using the thiobarbituric acid–reactive substances. The optical density was measured at 532 nm and expressed in terms of nmol/mg of protein …”