Rural networks and planned communities: Doxiadis Associates’ plans for rural settlements in post-independence Zambia

Phokaides, Petros

doi:10.1080/13602365.2018.1458044

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…By focusing on rural settlements and the Greek countryside, this article goes beyond the prevailing focus on town planning and the rebuilding of urban centers, thereby offering another perspective from which to revisit European reconstruction and its various policy-making legacies and planning trajectories (Lampland 2011;Clapson and Larkham 2013;Pendlebury, Erdem, and Larkham 2014;Diefendorf 2015;Moravánszky and Hopfengärtner 2016;Wampuszyc 2018;Kohlrausch 2019). Moreover, it highlights a crucial episode in the post-war architectural and planning histories, which became intricately tied to the geopolitics of the Cold War, the international and national agendas for the socio-economic development of rural-based societies that spread across the non-western world from the 1950s onward (see, for example, Muzaffar 2012;Phokaides 2018;Karim 2019a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Claiming the Countryside: Ekistics, Socio-Political Conflicts, and Emerging Cold-War Geopolitics During Greek Reconstruction

Phokaides

Samarinis

Triantis

et al. 2021

Architectural Histories

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This article investigates the complex ties between planning, socio-political conflicts, and emerging Cold War geopolitics during the post-war reconstruction period in Greece, by focusing on the years between 1944 and 1947. In these crucial transitional years, transnational flows of expertise, interwar legacies, and political, scientific, and ideological contestations gave rise to novel planning ideas and antagonistic visions for the country's reconstruction and its future development path. The article sheds light on how the architect-planner Constantinos Doxiadis formulated Ekistics as a spatial vision, a mode of central planning, and a technical guide, examining how Ekistics affected the shaping of reconstruction policies, particularly in the countryside. This analysis further exposes the way the Greek countryside became the locus of competing visions of spatial development, as well as contradictory state responses: from long-term housing policies and self-help practices all the way to ideological repression and population resettlement strategies, British interventionism, and Civil War conflicts that paved the ground to Greece's subsequent US-led recovery programs under the Truman Doctrine (1947) and the Marshal Plan (1948)(1949)(1950)(1951)(1952). By focusing on the paradigmatic case of Greece, this article advances an understanding of European reconstruction as an uneven, contested, and transitional process and highlights the implications of architecture and planning discourses and practices amid ideological, territorial, and geopolitical contestations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Claiming the Countryside: Ekistics, Socio-Political Conflicts, and Emerging Cold-War Geopolitics During Greek Reconstruction

Phokaides

Samarinis

Triantis

et al. 2021

Architectural Histories

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“…Modern materials, often associated with progress, innovation, and Western development ideals, are often perceived as more reliable, durable, and aesthetically appealing than traditional materials. This, coupled with the Zambian government's modernisation agenda that promoted the use of concrete over local building materials in the immediate post-independence period (Phokaides, 2018), influenced these cultural perceptions. In an interview, a homeowner shared how he 'saved all his income' to buy concrete blocks because, as a chef in an international hotel, he could not build with mud like everyone else.…”

Section: When Policy and Legislation Do Not Alignmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond policy change: The complexity of transitioning to alternative building materials in informal settlements

Musa,

Burgess

2022

Regions

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As the global discourse surrounding climate change and the adoption of renewable energy sources gains momentum, governments worldwide are implementing policies aligned with the sustainable development agenda. Given that the built environment is estimated to contribute 39% of total global carbon emissions (World Green Building Council, 2019), governments are formulating measures aimed at transitioning from carbon-intensive materials such as concrete to environmentally friendly, energy-efficient, and sustainable green building materials (Robichaud and Anantatmula, 2011). However, due to the diverse economic, environmental, social, and historical contexts of different countries,

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“…Previous studies have conducted rich theoretical research and practical explorations of RRL (Linard et al, 2012;Phokaides, 2018;Li S. et al, 2021;Nandi and Mistri, 2022). Scholars generally believe that the spatial distribution and evolution of rural settlements are the result of the comprehensive action of physical and geographical conditions and socioeconomic development (Yu et al, 2018;Li G. et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is the Impact of the Establishment of Natural Reserves on Rural Residential Land? An Empirical Study From Hunan Province, China

Tang

Jiang

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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The rural residential land (RRL) in natural reserves has been deeply transformed due to the disturbance constrained by ecological protection policies. Exploring the distribution characteristics and driving factors of RRL in natural reserves and non-natural reserves will help to promote the governance of land space and alleviate the contradiction of land use. Therefore, taking 122 county-level administrative regions in Hunan Province as an example, this article analyzes and compares the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of RRL in natural reserves and non-natural reserves by using land use change dynamics, nuclear density analysis, the transfer matrix model, and the ordinary least-squares model and explores how the establishment of natural reserves affects the RRL area change. The results show that (1) the overall RRL area in Hunan changed from 171,162.27 hm2 in 2000 to 169,914.6 hm2 in 2020, with a total reduction of 1,247.67 hm2 and a decrease of 0.73%, and the distribution of the RRL area change presented a hot trend in the northeast and a cold trend in the southwest. (2) The occupation of urban construction land is the main reason for the reduction in RRL area, and the transformation of cultivated land and forestland into RRL is the main source of the increase in RRL area. (3) During 2000–2020, the overall RRL in natural reserves increased by 1,538.37 hm2, with an increase of 0.11%, while the overall RRL in non-natural reserves decreased by 2,786.04 hm2, with a decrease of 0.14%. (4) The establishment of natural reserves has a significant negative correlation with the area of RRL in 2000, 2010, and 2020, indicating that the establishment of natural reserves can limit the growth speed of the RRL area to a certain extent, but is affected by factors such as economic development and rural population growth; it cannot directly promote the overall reduction of RRL area. The results of this study can provide a reference for decision-making related to the spatial structure optimization of natural reserves and non-natural protected RRL and the coordinated development of urban and rural areas.

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Rural networks and planned communities: Doxiadis Associates’ plans for rural settlements in post-independence Zambia

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Claiming the Countryside: Ekistics, Socio-Political Conflicts, and Emerging Cold-War Geopolitics During Greek Reconstruction

Claiming the Countryside: Ekistics, Socio-Political Conflicts, and Emerging Cold-War Geopolitics During Greek Reconstruction

Beyond policy change: The complexity of transitioning to alternative building materials in informal settlements

What Is the Impact of the Establishment of Natural Reserves on Rural Residential Land? An Empirical Study From Hunan Province, China

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