Rural electrification with household wind systems in remote high wind regions

Leary, Jon; Schaube, Philipp; Clementi, Luciana Vanesa

doi:10.1016/j.esd.2019.07.008

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Small wind turbines (SWTs) with power ratings typically below 50 kW are a renewable energy source that can be used in locations where conventional large wind turbines are not feasible [9]. Typical applications of SWTs are in the electrification of rural or remote areas [10], as hybrid systems in combination with other energy sources, such as solar radiation or hydrogen [11], or in microgeneration to reduce carbon emissions [12]. Icing on SWTs has similar effects to icing on larger wind turbines, although due to their smaller size and different designs, the sensitivity to icing can be increased [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Icing Penalties of an S826 Airfoil at Low Reynolds Numbers

et al. 2020

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Most icing research focuses on the high Reynolds number regime and manned aviation. Information on icing at low Reynolds numbers, as it is encountered by wind turbines and unmanned aerial vehicles, is less available, and few experimental datasets exist that can be used for validation of numerical tools. This study investigated the aerodynamic performance degradation on an S826 airfoil with 3D-printed ice shapes at Reynolds numbers Re = 2 × 105, 4 × 105, and 6 × 105. Three ice geometries were obtained from icing wind tunnel experiments, and an additional three geometries were generated with LEWICE. Experimental measurements of lift, drag, and pressure on the clean and iced airfoils have been conducted in the low-speed wind tunnel at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. The results showed that the icing performance penalty correlated to the complexity of the ice geometry. The experimental data were compared to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with the RANS solver FENSAP. Simulations were performed with two turbulence models (Spalart Allmaras and Menter’s k-ω SST). The simulation data showed good fidelity for the clean and streamlined icing cases but had limitations for complex ice shapes and stall.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Icing Penalties of an S826 Airfoil at Low Reynolds Numbers

et al. 2020

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“…Leary, Schaube, and Clementi [18] highlight that 1.1 billion people are not yet connected to the grid, being the decentralized generation, based on renewable energy, an important instrument to overcome this challenge and, in this case, small wind power is inserted. The authors reinforce that in the last decades there has been a rapid growth of the wind industry, in addition to the environmental concern arising from the use of fossil fuel, prompting the revival of small wind technology.…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bigger Is Not Always Better: Review of Small Wind in Brazil

Araújo

Pereira²,

Freitas

et al. 2021

Energies

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This century registers a significant expansion in the wind power market. However, the vast majority of these investments are concentrated in large wind turbines. The century begins with an installed capacity of about 20 GW, which reaches 650 GW in 2019. On the other hand, it is important to highlight that small wind turbines have not followed this virtuous path, a fact that is evident in Brazil’s reality. In this context, the article aims at evaluating the current situation of the wind energy market for Small Wind Turbines in Brazil (SWT) and its future perspectives, identifying the main characteristics of the sector, its challenges, and opportunities. It is an exploratory–explanatory research study that investigates the theme, generating knowledge that turns to practical application, as it seeks answers to solve local interests. This methodological approach provides objective evidence that the production of knowledge about the use of SWT in Brazil still remains embryonic, shaded by the impressive progress registered by the major wind farms in the country, despite all the potential and socioeconomic and environmental attractions. This fact credits the revision research with an innovative role in the apprehension of knowledge related to the development of SWT in Brazil.

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“…Rather than depending on batteries for storage of electricity produced in the day when the sun is available, a combination of solar and wind energy in a mini-grid may help secure a more stable and sustainable electricity supply. Opportunities to realise this potential, however, are hampered by the failure to carry out proper assessment of wind resources which has in some cases contributed to disappointing levels of energy generation from small wind (Kamp and Vanheule, 2015;Leary et al, 2019). The development of small wind requires site-specific assessments at 10-20 m hubs in resource rich areas but this data is not available for many countries.…”

Section: Why Focus On Small Wind?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many actors in low and middle-income countries are also unaware of the potential benefits derived from an increased use of small wind. This lack of awareness affects all levels from policy makers, who lack the capabilities to identify appropriate sites for promoting the technology, to local technology suppliers inadequately versed with site selection, installation and maintenance (Leary et al, 2019) and to local communities. Furthermore, experience from Kenya has demonstrated that the small wind equipment produced by informal manufacturers is not up to the required standard and this has contributed to low confidence in small wind technology (Wandera, 2020).…”

Section: Why Focus On Small Wind?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This requires investments in the development of skills, and support systems (Baker and Sovacool, 2017) that can support new productive capacity and enable optimal operation of the diffused technology. Collaboration with local universities is recommended in the literature as a way of ensuring the availability of technical and policy-making skills (Leary et al, 2019). The need for technical skills at community level is more pertinent for small wind than for solar PV, because of the associated need for higher levels of technical knowledge to operate, maintain and upgrade small wind.…”

Section: Why Focus On Small Wind?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Learning from global suppliers: the diffusion of small wind in low- and middle-income countries

Wandera

Andersen²,

Lema

2021

IJTLID

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An increasing number of low and middle-income countries seek to boost electrification with renewable energy. Yet, most renewable energy equipment and services are imported from global technologies suppliers located in high-income countries. This article aims to learn from global suppliers of small wind turbines: what can we learn about capabilities, opportunities and barriers for diffusion of small wind? What insights can we derive about organisational learning and policy learning to enhance diffusion? Our survey of global producers shows that at firm-level capabilities such as preparation of feasibility reports and selection of project sites are major weakness in developing countries. Limited knowledge of technologies and skilled manpower are also key constraints. While there are opportunities for learning from global suppliers during project planning and installation, low absorptive capacity constrains the further diffusion of knowledge locally.

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Rural electrification with household wind systems in remote high wind regions

Cited by 32 publications

References 29 publications

Experimental and Numerical Icing Penalties of an S826 Airfoil at Low Reynolds Numbers

Experimental and Numerical Icing Penalties of an S826 Airfoil at Low Reynolds Numbers

Bigger Is Not Always Better: Review of Small Wind in Brazil

Learning from global suppliers: the diffusion of small wind in low- and middle-income countries

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