Abstract:The article presents changes in the rural age structures in Poland as observed in the years 1996, 2001 and 2006. The changes in population numbers are analysed with respect to age groups, the aging index and the old-age rate. Regarding its spatial scope, the article covers rural areas in Poland and the basic territorial units it uses are rural communes and the rural parts of mixed rural-urban communes that altogether amount to 2,171 units (as of 2006). The obtained results are discussed in a broader context of… Show more
“…1). The depopulation process in Bulgaria, as well as in other countries, especially in rural areas, is intensifying due to deepening unfavourable trends in the dynamics of demographic processes (Szymańska, 2009;Szymańska et al, 2009). These negative trends are a result of multiple interconnected factors which have been exercising their influence for a long time -the intensive rural-to-urban migration in the accelerated industrialisation period 1950s-1970s, constantly lowering birth rates, decrease of rural demographic potential, slow rural economic development, negative demographic processes in the recent decades, etc.…”
Section: Materials and Research Results: Analysis Of Depopulationmentioning
Abstract. The depopulation process in Bulgaria, especially in rural areas, is intensifying due to deepening unfavourable trends in the dynamics of demographic processes. Depopulation is a typical process in the fourth phase of demographic transition in rural areas of Bulgaria. The death rates exceed birth rates in the rural areas in the mid-1970s. The size of rural population and the number of villages in the country has been decreasing in the last decades. A large part of the villages were affected by depopulation processes during the period 1985-2007. A high depopulation level is observed in border and mountainous regions. The depopulation generates an array of different negative trends in the spatial aspect -in socio-economic development, technical and social infrastructure, as well as the erasure of many small villages. The regional development plans need to embed measures for infrastructural development in order to attract and retain residents, utilise natural and cultural-historical heritage, and to stimulate economic activities and the development of various types of tourism, etc.
“…1). The depopulation process in Bulgaria, as well as in other countries, especially in rural areas, is intensifying due to deepening unfavourable trends in the dynamics of demographic processes (Szymańska, 2009;Szymańska et al, 2009). These negative trends are a result of multiple interconnected factors which have been exercising their influence for a long time -the intensive rural-to-urban migration in the accelerated industrialisation period 1950s-1970s, constantly lowering birth rates, decrease of rural demographic potential, slow rural economic development, negative demographic processes in the recent decades, etc.…”
Section: Materials and Research Results: Analysis Of Depopulationmentioning
Abstract. The depopulation process in Bulgaria, especially in rural areas, is intensifying due to deepening unfavourable trends in the dynamics of demographic processes. Depopulation is a typical process in the fourth phase of demographic transition in rural areas of Bulgaria. The death rates exceed birth rates in the rural areas in the mid-1970s. The size of rural population and the number of villages in the country has been decreasing in the last decades. A large part of the villages were affected by depopulation processes during the period 1985-2007. A high depopulation level is observed in border and mountainous regions. The depopulation generates an array of different negative trends in the spatial aspect -in socio-economic development, technical and social infrastructure, as well as the erasure of many small villages. The regional development plans need to embed measures for infrastructural development in order to attract and retain residents, utilise natural and cultural-historical heritage, and to stimulate economic activities and the development of various types of tourism, etc.
“…The proportion of the working age population to the entire urban population in urban areas remains quite high. In 1991 it was 65.7% in 2001-68.4% in 2011-71% and in 2013it was 69.8%. In rural areas: in 1991-58.1% in 2001-65.9% in 2011-66.2% and in 2013 In 2001 the significant increase in proportion of the urban population aged 15-64 years to the entire urban population in many oblasts of Kazakhstan is observed.…”
Section: Age Structure Of the Population In The Republic Of Kazakhstanmentioning
In this article we discuss and analyse changes in the sex-age structure of both the urban and the rural population of the Republic of Kazakhstan since independence (1991) and until 2013. Spatial analysis by age and sex was carried out for the urban and rural population of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article focuses on the population of Astana and Almaty as cities of “republican subordination”. The aim of this article is to study and analyse the sex-age structure of the total population taking the urban and rural population from 1991 to 2013 separately. For comparison and analysis of statistical data in the dynamics, the data by sex and age of the urban and rural population for 1991, 2001 and 2011 were examined. Thus changes over 10 years are considered. The age groups for which the data were collected were based on differentiation of the population by economic status: pre-working (0-14 years), working (15-64), and post-working age (over 65 years).
“…The industrial downturn worsened in the 1980s and considerably slowed population growth in towns. The collapse of communism in 1989 launched a reform of the economic system, which led to the expansion of towns and affected their population (Szymańska et al, 2009a). After 1999, the Polish rural population started growing dynamically and steadily.…”
This article examines the Polish city of Toruń in terms of the compact city concept. It analyses the theoretical elements of the compact city concept using Toruń as a case study and taking into account the psychological aspects (i.e., social perception) of a compact city. The case study collected primary data during fieldwork in 2013 and 2014. The methodology consists of a literature review, satellite photo grid analysis (250 × 250 m) and social perception of the compact city (n = 128) assessed through questionnaires with representative quantitative data. The research was also supplemented with an analysis of the accessibility of the main sites in Toruń. The results are presented on a map of urban areas and graphs of social perception. The study concludes that Toruń is a compact city from the urban point of view, but it is not perceived as such from the psychological or social points of view.
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