Ruminal fermentation pattern of acidosis-induced cows fed either monensin or polyclonal antibodies preparation against several ruminal bacteria

Abstract

This study was designed to evaluate a spray-dried multivalent polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP) against lactate-producing bacteria as an alternative to monensin (MON) to control ruminal acidification. Holstein cows (677 ± 98 kg) fitted with ruminal cannulas were allocated in an incomplete Latin square design with two 20 days period. Cows were randomly assigned to control (CTL), PAP, or MON treatments. For each period, cows were fed a forage diet in the first 5 days (d−5 to d−1), composed of sugarcane, urea and a mineral supplement, followed by a 74% concentrate diet for 15 days (d 0 to d 14). There were no treatment main effects (P > 0.05) on dry matter intake (DMI) and microbial protein synthesis. However, there was a large peak (P < 0.01) of intake on d 0 (18.29 kg), followed by a large decline on d 1 (3.67 kg). From d2, DMI showed an increasing pattern (8.34 kg) and stabilized around d 8 (12.96 kg). Higher mean pH was measured (P < 0.01) in cattle-fed MON (6.06 vs. PAP = 5.89 and CTL = 5.91). The ruminal NH3-N concentration of CTL-fed cows was lower (P < 0.01) compared to those fed MON or PAP. The molar concentration of acetate and lactate was not affected (P > 0.23) by treatments, but feeding MON increased (P = 0.01) propionate during the first 4 days after the challenge. Feeding MON and PAP reduced (P = 0.01) the molar proportion of butyrate. MON was effective in controlling pH and improved ruminal fermentation of acidosis-induced cows. However, PAP was not effective in controlling acidosis. The acidosis induced by the challenge was caused by the accumulation of SCFAs. Therefore, the real conditions for evaluation of this feed additive were not reached in this experiment, since this PAP was proposed to work against lactate-producing bacteria.

Effects of yeast culture on in vitro ruminal fermentation and microbial community of high concentrate diet in sheep

“…In addition, fermentation substrate supplemented with YC significantly reduced acetate-to-propionate ratio, indicating that YC supplementation could promote the transformation of rumen fermentation type to propionate fermentation type under the condition of high concentrate substrate. Ruminal propionate type fermentation can provide more energy, which has positive role for maintaining production performance of animals (Pacheco et al 2023 ). We also found that all YC treatments remarkably reduced NGR value, which implied that a shift from acetate towards propionate and butyrate was induced by YC action.…”

“…Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a common kind of metabolic acidosis, which can decrease ruminal pH and induce the microbial death to release endotoxins and gastrointestinal dysfunction, leading to reduced feed intake, immune function and production performance of ruminants (Ma et al 2021 ). Previous studies have found that buffering agent (Erdman 1988 ), monensin (Pacheco et al 2023 ), lactic acid bacteria (Fenta et al 2023 ) and organic acids (Vyas et al 2015 ) can be used in alleviating the damage of gastrointestinal function caused by SARA. Although these strategies can attenuate the economic losses caused by SARA to a certain extent, they also have some drawbacks, such as high cost, drug residue and resistance, and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of SARA.…”

Estimating Microbial Protein Synthesis in the Rumen—Can ‘Omics’ Methods Provide New Insights into a Long-Standing Question?

“…We reviewed 34 published studies [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ] that were obtained by searching within the Web of Science platform using ‘purine derivatives’ and ‘beef cattle’ as keywords for the document search. We only included studies that reported results for UPD excretion alongside recording feed dry matter (DM) intake, animal weight, and dietary components (CP and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) on a DM basis).…”

“…The * refers to significant correlations ( p < 0.05). For this analysis, studies [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ] were included.…”