Rumen degradability of some feed legume seeds

Abstract

-The aim of this work was to determine the effective degradability (ED) of CP for different feed legume seeds and the possible relationship with their physical and chemical characteristics. The ED was measured using nylon bags and rumen outflow rate techniques on three rumen cannulated wethers fed at 40 g DM·kg -0.75 , with a 2:1 (on DM basis) hay to concentrate diet. Nine seed samples of the following legume species were tested: lupin (Lupinus albus L., cultivar multolupa), dwarf chickling (Lathyrus cicera L.), common chickling (Lathyrus sativus L.), common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.), bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia L.), monantha vetch (Vicia monantha Desf.) and field bean (Vicia faba L., variety minor Beck). Two different cultivars of this last species were studied: P69 (sample 1) and Jasper (sample 2). Estimates of ED of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) were obtained for rumen outflow rates of 5.04 ± 0.31%·h -1 , determined for the diet concentrate. The variation of the ED of DM was moderate (from 58.8 to 69.2%) and correlated with the proportion of nitrogen linked to the acid detergent fibre (r = -0.847). Values of ED of CP of these seeds (in the above indicated order) were 79.4, 71.3, 80.7, 75.3, 75.4, 69.3, 76.6, 77.0, and 73.8%. Significant correlations between the ED of CP and the chemical composition or CP buffer solubility were not found.legume seeds / rumen degradability / protein Résumé -Dégradabilité ruminale de certaines graines de légumineuses. Ce travail avait pour but d'étudier la dégradabilité théorique (DT) dans le rumen des matières azotées totales (MAT) de différentes graines de légumineuses en essayant de les mettre en relation avec leurs caractéristiques chimiques ou physiques. La DT a été estimée à partir de la méthode des sachets de nylon couplée à la technique de passage des particules hors du rumen. Les mesures ont été effectuées sur trois béliers porteurs de canules du rumen, alimentés avec une ration de foin et de concentré (2:1, sur la base de la MS) à un niveau de 40 g MS·kg -0,75 . Neuf échantillons de graines de légumineuses ont été testés : lupin (Lupinus albus L., cultivar multolupa), gesse chiche (Lathyrus cicera L.), gesse commune (Lathyrus sativus L.), vesce commune (Vicia sativa L.), vesce velue (Vicia villosa Roth.), lentille bâtarde (Vicia ervilia L.), lentille d'Auvergne (Vicia monantha Desf.) et féverole (Vicia faba L., varieté minor 17 * Correspondence and reprints e-mail: jgonzalez@pan.etsia.upm.es Anim. Res. 52 (2003) 17-25  INRA, EDP Sciences, 2003 DOI: 10.1051. Deux cultivars différents de cette variété ont été étudiés : P69 (échantillon 1) et Jasper (échan-tillon 2). Les estimations de DT ont été calculées avec des taux de sortie du rumen de 5,04 ± 0,31 %·h -1 , déterminés pour le concentré de la ration. Pour la MS, la variation de la DT a été modérée (de 58,8 à 69,2 %) et a été corrélée à la proportion d'azote lié à la lignocellulose (r = -0,847). Les valeurs de DT des MAT de ces graines (citées dans l'ordre précéden...

Effect of bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia) seeds as a replacement protein source of soybean meal on performance and carcass characteristics of finishing Awassi lambs

“…The crude protein content (23%) confirmed that it is a good source of protein and similar to that reported by Gonzalez and Andres (2003); Haddad (2006). However, Sadeghi et al (2004Sadeghi et al ( , 2009) and Farran et al (2005) reported a value between 25 and 28%.…”

“…Bitter vetch seeds contained higher fiber measures (NDF and ADF) than SBM. Gonzalez and Andres (2003); Sadeghi et al (2009) reported higher NDF and ADF values, while lower ones where reported by Haddad (2006). Differences in chemical composition results of this study compared to those reported in the literature could be related to different variety and/or growth conditions (Sadeghi et al 2009).…”

“…Bitter vetch seeds are known to contain some anti nutritional factors including protease inhibitors and tannins (Sadeghi et al 2009). The effects of tannins are associated with their ability to combine with dietary proteins and cell wall polymers, and thus retarding or preventing their microbial digestion as tannins are generally regarded as inhibitors of rumen microbes (Gonzalez and Andres 2003). The decreased digestibility observed with the inclusion of BVS in the present case compared to that of the SBM is probably due to such explanation.…”

Nutritive evaluation of legume seeds for ruminant feeding

“…The chemical composition of the legume seeds tested indicated that lupin is different to beans, vetch and bitter vetch, belonging to the same genus (Vicia). One of the most relevant characteristics of the legumes tested is their high protein content, as described by others (Abreu and Bruno‐Soares, 1998; González and Andrés, 2003), which could make them adequate as protein supplement in animal nutrition.…”

“…The available information on protein value of legume seeds in ruminant feeding is scarce and variable values have been reported both for protein content (Aguilera et al., 1992; Abreu and Bruno‐Soares, 1998; González and Andrés, 2003) and ruminal degradability (Aguilera et al., 1992; Guedes and Dias da Silva, 1996; González and Andrés, 2003). In order to promote the use of Mediterranean local feedstuff, the objective of this work was such that to characterize four different native legume seeds: beans ( Vicia faba ), lupin ( Lupinus albus ), vetch ( Vicia sativa ) and bitter vetch ( Vicia ervilia ) and four diets including those legume seeds concerning their chemical composition, dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) rumen degradability as well as the intestinal digestibility of dietary and rumen undegradable protein.…”