RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications

Schulzrinne, Henning; Casner, S.; Frederick, Ron; Jacobson, Van

doi:10.17487/rfc3550

Cited by 3,622 publications

(2,396 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…MCU provides encoding/decoding of individual RTP [8] streams and mixing of RTP streams. MCU assigns audio/video encoder and decoder which are capable to decode RTP streams from the participant.…”

Section: Peer-to-peer Mcumentioning

confidence: 99%

A P2P-MCU Approach to Multi-Party Video Conference with WebRTC

Ng¹,

Ching²,

Liu³

et al. 2014

IJFCC

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Abstract-WebRTC enables web browsers with real-time communications capabilities via JavaScript APIs. But when the number of the participants increases, the bandwidth and CPU requirements have become a serious issue in a push based mesh network. In this paper, we propose a P2P-MCU approach for multi-party video conferencing that efficiently supports both ordinary smart mobile phones and PCs. In our approach, a MCU module is integrated into the browser to mix and transcode the video & audio streams in real time. And when the browser acts as the MCU node leaves the conference session without notice, another candidate browser can take over the control immediately, and the ongoing WebRTC conference can be seamlessly recovered with our MCU selection algorithm. In addition, our approach works under the 3G symmetric NAT networks by using some UDP hole punching method. Our P2P-MCU solution reduces 64% CPU usages and 35% bandwidth consumptions for each participant compared to the mesh-network solution in our eight-party WebRTC conference experiments. Although the P2P-MCU module may introduce some delay (<500ms), the delay is stable and perceptually almost neglectable.Index Terms-MCU, P2P, video conference, WebRTC. I. INTRODUCTIONDriven by the widespread fixed and mobile broadband networks, there is a trend to have real time multi-party video conferences at any time/place. To meet the emerging requirements, WebRTC [1] (Web Real-Time Communications) received a great interest since the API is inherently supported by many new versions of popular browsers, i.e. Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox. However, since WebRTC is initially designed for browser to browser communication, even for a small scale group, the multi-party conference model may be either complicated or expensive.In particular, to support N conference participants with a pure Mesh network, there will be N*(N-1)/2 links. The bandwidth/device capability requirements will increase quadratically to the number of the participants in the conference. Accordingly, a MCU [2] (Multi point Control Unit) server is introduced to reduce bandwidth consumption by mixing the media received from users in the conference into a single stream to each participant. However, MCU server, typically based on a fixed and pre-configured hardware, is often quite costly and it consumes significant amount of bandwidth. In this paper, we describe our approach to peer-to-peer MCU (P2P-MCU) that tackles the abovementioned issues. Moreover, in our approach, the MCU is integrated in a browser at the client side, and this specific client is called MCU host. Accordingly, the media flows in the conference run in a P2P manner between the MCU host and web browsers. The proposed approach is implemented and we demonstrate the web applications that we developed for an eight party WebRTC conferencing including mobile clients.The contributions of this paper are: firstly, we design a P2P-MCU architecture working with current WebRTC protocols; secondly, we propose a MCU host determination strategy to dynamically...

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Section: Peer-to-peer Mcumentioning

confidence: 99%

A P2P-MCU Approach to Multi-Party Video Conference with WebRTC

Ng¹,

Ching²,

Liu³

et al. 2014

IJFCC

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“…Real-time transport protocol (RTP) [3] is an IP-based protocol providing support for the transport of real-time data such as video and audio streams. RTP offer end-to-end delivery services for data with real-time characteristics.…”

Section: Real-time Transport Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective and Secure Scheme for Video Streaming Using SRTP

Iyyanar¹,

Chitra²,

Sabarinath³

2012

IJMLC

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Abstract-Real-time of live video or stored video is the predominant part of the real-time multimedia networking. In the streaming technology, the video file need not be downloaded in full, but is being played out while content of the video file are being received and decoded. To send video across the Internet has two approaches: video data compression and design of communication protocol. One approach is to design a low bit rate coder as well as protecting the result of the bit stream using UDP. Another approach is to design new transport protocol by using video coding algorithm. Security plays a major role in streaming application. In this paper, we present an efficient solution for encryption on the video streams using AES-CFB on un-trusted client-server networks. The valuation of the prototype system is to provide a safer transmission across the Internet with cost-effective and quality-guaranteed manner while using SRTP.

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“…This means that, in order to receive and manage all RTP and RTCP [RFC3550] packets in a session, these components also manipulate the session descriptions [RFC4566] in the related offer/ answer exchanges [RFC3264]. The reasons for such behaviour can be different.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for End-to-End Support of the RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) in Back-to-Back User Agents (B2BUAs)

Miniero¹,

Pascual²,

Murillo³

2017

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SIP Back-to-Back User Agents (B2BUAs) are often designed to also be on the media path, rather than just to intercept signalling. This means that B2BUAs often implement an RTP or RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) stack as well, thus leading to separate multimedia sessions that the B2BUA correlates and bridges together. If not disciplined, this behaviour can severely impact the communication experience, especially when statistics and feedback information contained in RTCP messages get lost because of mismatches in the reported data.This document defines the proper behaviour B2BUAs should follow when acting on both the signalling plane and media plane in order to preserve the end-to-end functionality of RTCP.

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RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications

Cited by 3,622 publications

References 24 publications

A P2P-MCU Approach to Multi-Party Video Conference with WebRTC

A P2P-MCU Approach to Multi-Party Video Conference with WebRTC

Effective and Secure Scheme for Video Streaming Using SRTP

Guidelines for End-to-End Support of the RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) in Back-to-Back User Agents (B2BUAs)

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