RSV prevention and treatment in pediatric lung transplant patients: A survey of current practices among the International Pediatric Lung Transplant Collaborative

Danziger‐Isakov, Lara; Arslan, Defne; Sweet, Stuart C.; Benden, Christian; Goldfarb, Samuel; Wong, Jackson

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3046.2012.01744.x

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Off-label treatment options of RSV infection in LTX patients have included ribavirin, corticosteroids and in some instances immune modulators such as palivizumab or immunoglobulin [13][14][15]. Nevertheless, there is no evidence based treatment for the complication of BOS after RSV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ALN-RSV01 for prevention of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after respiratory syncytial virus infection in lung transplant recipients

Gottlieb

Zamora

Hodges

et al. 2016

The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation

131

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ALN-RSV01 for prevention of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after respiratory syncytial virus infection in lung transplant recipients

Gottlieb

Zamora

Hodges

et al. 2016

The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation

131

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“…57 No data are available to suggest benefit from immunoprophylaxis among immunocompromised patients, and practices vary nationwide. 58,59 Further research is required before definitive recommendations can be made for the use of palivizumab in this heterogeneous group of children.…”

Section: Immunocompromised Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updated Guidance for Palivizumab Prophylaxis Among Infants and Young Children at Increased Risk of Hospitalization for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Brady¹,

Byington²,

Davies³

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

312

170

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Guidance from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) for the use of palivizumab prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was first published in a policy statement in 1998. Guidance initially was based on the result from a single randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted in 1996–1997 describing an overall reduction in RSV hospitalization rate from 10.6% among placebo recipients to 4.8% among children who received prophylaxis. The results of a second randomized, placebo-controlled trial of children with hemodynamically significant heart disease were published in 2003 and revealed a reduction in RSV hospitalization rate from 9.7% in control subjects to 5.3% among prophylaxis recipients. Because no additional controlled trials regarding efficacy were published, AAP guidance has been updated periodically to reflect the most recent literature regarding children at greatest risk of severe disease. Since the last update in 2012, new data have become available regarding the seasonality of RSV circulation, palivizumab pharmacokinetics, the changing incidence of bronchiolitis hospitalizations, the effects of gestational age and other risk factors on RSV hospitalization rates, the mortality of children hospitalized with RSV infection, and the effect of prophylaxis on wheezing and palivizumab-resistant RSV isolates. These data enable further refinement of AAP guidance to most clearly focus on those children at greatest risk.

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“…In adults a sensitive assay, such as real time PCR, is necessary to reliably detect RSV and other viral respiratory infections (Falsey et al 2002). Attention to good infection control practices inside and outside the health care setting can decrease the risk of infection (Danziger-Isakov et al 2012) (see section on RSV Transmission).…”

Section: Risk Factors For Infection and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Epidemiologic Features of Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Hall

Simões

Anderson

2013

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

127

135

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Since its discovery in 1955, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has consistently been noted to be the single most important cause of lower respiratory tract illness in infants <1 year of age. RSV also causes repeat infections and significant disease throughout life. In addition to the young child, persons with compromised immune, pulmonary or cardiac systems, and the elderly have significant risk from infection. Though RSV causes the full spectrum of acute respiratory illnesses, it is most notably associated with signs and symptoms of increased airway resistance manifested as wheezing and, in the young child, diagnosed as bronchiolitis. In temperate climates, RSV occurs as yearly outbreaks usually between late fall and early spring lasting 3-4 months in a community. The timing of outbreaks varies between years and in the same year between regions and even between nearby communities. RSV can be a serious nosocomial pathogen in high risk individuals but nosocomial transmission that can often be prevented with meticulous attention to good infection control practices. High risk groups include the premature infants and persons of any age with compromised cardiac, pulmonary, or immune systems. Risk factors for infection include increased number of children in the household and day care center attendance. There are reasonable estimates of the sizable burden of RSV disease in infants and young children and the elderly but less data on disease in older children, the role of RSV in later reactive airway disease (see chapter by M.T. Lotz et al. , this volume), and RSV-associated mortality in developing countries. The available data on burden of disease suggests there are at least four potential target populations for a vaccine, the young infant, young children >4-6 months of age, pregnant women, and the elderly. A link between infection in the young infant and later reactive airway disease and mortality in developing countries is needed. Each target population has different vaccine safety and efficacy concerns and may warrant a different type of vaccine.

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RSV prevention and treatment in pediatric lung transplant patients: A survey of current practices among the International Pediatric Lung Transplant Collaborative

Cited by 30 publications

References 35 publications

ALN-RSV01 for prevention of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after respiratory syncytial virus infection in lung transplant recipients

ALN-RSV01 for prevention of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after respiratory syncytial virus infection in lung transplant recipients

Updated Guidance for Palivizumab Prophylaxis Among Infants and Young Children at Increased Risk of Hospitalization for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Clinical and Epidemiologic Features of Respiratory Syncytial Virus

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