RPL routing in a real life scenario with an energy efficient objective function

Todoli-Ferrandis, David; Climent, Salvador; Sempere-Payá, Víctor; Silvestre-Blanes, Javier

doi:10.1109/telfor.2015.7377466

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The work in [110] has reported a new energy-based OF that proposes selecting the preferred parent based on the remaining energy with a hysteresis value of 5% to reduce network frequent changes. The remaining energy is obtained by polling each node to check its battery voltage, which is claimed to be a good indicator of remaining energy [110]. The proposed OF is evaluated using two testbed deployments (basic and extended), and compared to RPL objective functions (OF0, MRHOF) in terms of packet loss, delay, energy consumption and network churn.…”

Section: ) Of Enhancements Based On Multi-path Routingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Limitations and Enhancements of the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks: A Focus on Core Operations

Ghaleb

Al‐Dubai

Ekonomou

et al. 2019

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Driven by the special requirements of the Lowpower and Lossy Networks (LLNs), the IPv6 Routing Protocol for LLNs (RPL) was standardized by the IETF some six years ago to tackle the routing issue in such networks. Since its introduction, however, numerous studies have pointed out that, in its current form, RPL suffers from issues that limit its efficiency and domain of applicability. Thus, several solutions have been proposed in the literature in an attempt to overcome these identified limitations. In this survey, we aim mainly to provide a comprehensive review of these research proposals assessing whether such proposals have succeeded in overcoming the standard reported limitations related to its core operations. Although some of RPL's weaknesses have been addressed successfully, the study found that the proposed solutions remain deficient in overcoming several others. Hence, the study investigates where such proposals still fall short, the challenges and pitfalls to avoid, thus would help researchers formulate a clear foundation for the development of further successful extensions in future allowing the protocol to be applied more widely.

show abstract

Section: ) Of Enhancements Based On Multi-path Routingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Limitations and Enhancements of the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks: A Focus on Core Operations

Ghaleb

Al‐Dubai

Ekonomou

et al. 2019

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[Xiao et al 2014] apresentaram a métrica Per-Hop ETX, baseada no cálculo da média aritmética da métrica ETX ao longo do caminho de roteamento, a qual superou a métrica ETX em baixa latência, taxa de entrega de pacotes e consumo reduzido de energia da rede. [Todolí-Ferrandis et al 2015] utilizaram um cenário real para implementar a sua métrica de energia, a qual superou a métrica ETX em tempo de vida dos nós. Um trabalho de destaque na comunidade é o de [Iova et al 2015], o qual apresentou a métrica ELT (Expected Lifetime) que combinada ao mecanismo de roteamento por múltiplos caminhos obteve resultados significativos em eficiência energética, porém com taxas de entrega de pacotes aproximadas às taxas obtidas com a métrica ETX.…”

Section: Trabalhos Relacionadosunclassified

“…Em geral, os trabalhos relacionados utilizaram o consumo de energia da interface de rede junto ao consumo de energia do microcontrolador para estimar o consumo total de energia do nó. Esse consumo também foi utilizado para calcular a energia residual do nó como métrica de roteamento, exemplos: [Kamgueu et al 2013] e [Todolí-Ferrandis et al 2015]. Já no trabalho de [Iova et al 2015], a quantidade de energia despendida apenas no envio de pacotes fez parte da métrica ELT, a qual foi utilizada para prever o tempo de vida de um nó.…”

Section: Trabalhos Relacionadosunclassified

Uma Métrica de Roteamento com Eficiência Energética para o RPL da Internet das Coisas

Pereira

Moritz

Fonseca

2019

Anais Do XXXVII Simpósio Brasileiro De Redes De Computadores E Sistemas Distribuídos (SBRC 2019)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A Internet das Coisas está ganhando a atenção do mercado, da indústria e da comunidade científica. A integração das WSNs com a Internet levou a IETF a especificar novos protocolos. Um dos principais é o RPL, um protocolo de roteamento para redes que possuem perdas de pacotes consideráveis. Dentre as métricas de roteamento, destaca-se a ETX, que contribui na escolha de caminhos confiáveis. No entanto, a rápida exaustão de energia da bateria dos nós de gargalo ainda é um problema. Nesse contexto, apresenta-se aqui uma nova métrica baseada no consumo energético estimado da interface de rede, a qual colabora não apenas na confiabilidade, mas também no balanceamento de carga e no prolongamento do tempo de vida da rede.

show abstract

“…That is, energy balancing over wireless links of bad quality would increase packet retransmission and end up with a high risk of energy drains. Moreover, energy-based routing metrics could end up with less optimised performance (in terms of delay, PDR and stability) as indicated by the experimental results of [40,43].…”

Section: Energy-efficient Routingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward an understanding of recent developments in RPL routing

Alsukayti

Alreshoodi

2019

IET Networks

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ability to enhance network routing for flexible support of different application requirements is essential to widen the horizon for the Internet of things (IoT) deployments. The Internet protocol (IP) version 6 routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL) provides an effective routing solution addressing such a challenge. It realises flexible end-to-end IP routing that can be adapted to support different IoT applications. This is based on the concept of customisable objective functions (OFs), which facilitates application-specific routing using a wide range of routing metrics. There are only two default OFs of basic routing metrics, which are specified by the Internet engineering task force for RPL. However, a number of others have been proposed by the network research community to address single-and multi-objective RPL routing enhancement. These research proposals followed different methodological approaches and adopted a variety of routing metrics to achieve different optimisation goals. Up-to-date research efforts to improve RPL routing and topology optimisation have been reviewed, and recent RPL OFs and routing metrics in the literature have been discussed. The major aim is shedding light on relevant contributions to establish a firm understanding of recent RPL developments and outline plausible areas for follow-up researches. 2 RPL overview LLNs typically consist of constrained network devices of limited capabilities in terms of computation, storage and energy. These devices would be deployed in small size and large quantity for different LLNs applications of varying deployment areas and setups. The interconnectivity among LLN devices is established over wireless links of limited capacity, reliability and connectivity. To provide LLNs with wireless connectivity of limited complexity and energy consumption, the IEEE 802.15.4 standard is typically utilised at the underlying communication layers.

show abstract

RPL routing in a real life scenario with an energy efficient objective function

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

A Survey of Limitations and Enhancements of the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks: A Focus on Core Operations

A Survey of Limitations and Enhancements of the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks: A Focus on Core Operations

Uma Métrica de Roteamento com Eficiência Energética para o RPL da Internet das Coisas

Toward an understanding of recent developments in RPL routing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About