Rotavirus gastroenteritis in Indian children &lt; 5 years hospitalized for diarrhoea, 2012 to 2016

Giri, Sidhartha; Nair, Nayana P.; Mathew, Ann; Manohar, B. Murali; Simon, Anna; Singh, Tejinder; Kumar, Satish; Mathew, M. A.; Babji, Sudhir; Arora, Rashmi; Kumar, C. P. Girish; Venkatasubramanian, S.; Mehendale, Sanjay; Gupte, M. D.; Kang, Gagandeep

doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6406-0

Cited by 54 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This nding is identical to a monitoring analysis by Yu et al on the seasonality of RVA infection [30]. The same patterns have also been reported in other Asian countries like Pakistan [23] and India [28]. However, according to the WHO, RVA prevalence was reported throughout the year in the subtropical zone and peaks often occur in dry seasons, unlike in the northern hemisphere countries where peaks occur in winter [31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Available data suggest that RVA is susceptible to people of any age but spreading more easily among infants and young children [28]. Studies in Shanghai had discovered that the RVA prevalence was higher in children aged 3-5 years [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, our results are signi cantly different from those of other countries in the last 10 years. In India, a study about RVA diversity showed that G1P [8] was still the predominant genotype among infants and children during 2012-2016 [28]. In 2014, G Ianiro reported that G1P [8] and G9P [8] strains were detected frequently from 2012 to 2014 in Italy, whereas G12P [8] caused a single large nosocomial outbreak [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Group A Rotavirus Circulating in Shanxi Province, China During 2015-2019

Zhao

Shi

Meng³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Group A rotavirus (RVA), despite being a leading cause of gastroenteritis in infants and young children, is less studied in Shanxi Province, China. The current study was conducted to determine the prevalence and genetic characterization of RVA in hospitalized children under ten years old with the diagnosis of gastroenteritis in Shanxi Province, China. Methods: A hospital-based active surveillance of rotavirus gastroenteritis was conducted at Children’s Hospital of Shanxi from January 1, 2015, through December 31, 2019. Rotavirus was detected in stool samples by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). G and P genotypes were determined by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and nucleotide sequencing. Results：A total of 961 archived stool specimens was examined, 183 (19.0%) were positive for RVA. The highest RVA-infection frequency (23.7%) was found among children aged 12–23 months, and the seasonal peak was in December. G9P[8] was most prevalent (76.0%), followed by G3P[8] (7.1 %), G2P[4] (3.3 %), G1P[8] (0.5 %) and G9P[4] (0.5 %).Conclusions: These results reported for the first time that RVA was one of the main causes of severe infectious gastroenteritis in children, and a high proportion of G9P[8] strains circulating in most areas of Shanxi Province. While the protective efficacy of the rotavirus vaccines has been demonstrated against G9P[8] strains, our results highlight that the dominant strains have not been effectively controlled in China.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Group A Rotavirus Circulating in Shanxi Province, China During 2015-2019

Zhao

Shi

Meng³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Regarding the variation in the prevalence of some uncommon genotypes (e.g., G9P[4] G9P[6], G3P[4], G3P[6]) detected after vaccine introduction in Mozambique, it is important to mention that a number of studies in Africa [ 16 , 25 , 32 ] and Asia (India and Japan) also reported these uncommon genotypes before vaccine introduction in low frequency [ 33 , 34 ]. These uncommon genotypes, apart from G9P[6], were also observed in Ireland before vaccine introduction [ 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of Rotavirus A Strains Pre- and Post-Vaccine (Rotarix®) Introduction in Mozambique, 2012–2019: Emergence of Genotypes G3P[4] and G3P[8]

et al. 2020

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Group A rotavirus (RVA) remains the most important etiological agent associated with severe acute diarrhea in children. Rotarix® monovalent vaccine was introduced into Mozambique’s Expanded Program on Immunization in September 2015. In the present study, we report the diversity and prevalence of rotavirus genotypes, pre- (2012–2015) and post-vaccine (2016–2019) introduction in Mozambique, among diarrheic children less than five years of age. Genotyping data were analyzed for five sentinel sites for the periods indicated. The primary sentinel site, Mavalane General Hospital (HGM), was analyzed for the period 2012–2019, and for all five sites (country-wide analyses), 2015–2019. During the pre-vaccine period, G9P[8] was the most predominant genotype for both HGM (28.5%) and the country-wide analysis (46.0%). However, in the post-vaccine period, G9P[8] was significantly reduced. Instead, G3P[8] was the most common genotype at HGM, while G1P[8] predominated country-wide. Genotypes G9P[4] and G9P[6] were detected for the first time, and the emergence of G3P[8] and G3P[4] genotypes were observed during the post-vaccine period. The distribution and prevalence of rotavirus genotypes were distinct in pre- and post-vaccination periods, while uncommon genotypes were also detected in the post-vaccine period. These observations support the need for continued country-wide surveillance to monitor changes in strain diversity, due to possible vaccine pressure, and consequently, the effect on vaccine effectiveness.

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“…From the present findings, it was noted that the G1P[8] rotavirus circulated in Goa and was a cause of diarrhea in children and infants. The G1P[8] was the predominant rotavirus genotype (56.3% and 62.7%) observed during the surveillance studies during 2012–2016 ( Girish Kumar et al., 2016 ; Giri et al., 2019 ). In Meghalaya state, 3 strains showed P[8] and 2 showed P[4] genotypes specificity, while, the G genotype was not be typable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic determination of human group A rotaviruses from Goa and Meghalaya states, India

Raorane

Dubal

Ghatak

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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Introduction Rotavirus is the leading cause of diarrhoea in young children in India, responsible for an estimated 21357 mean numbers of deaths in 2010. Various genotypes of rotaviruses evolved due to mutational changes have been recognized. In this study, we determined the genotypes of rotaviruses involved in diarrhea in Goa and Meghalaya states of India. Methods The dsRNA of rotaviruses was extracted from stool samples and detected by Ribonucleic Acid-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (RNA PAGE) and Reverse transcription-polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) targeting the partial VP7 gene. The full length VP7 and partial VP4 genes of rotavirus strains were amplified by RT-PCR followed by nucleotide sequencing. The RotaC classification tool was used to determine the genotypes. Results The positivity of rotavirus by PAGE and RT-PCR was observed to be 43.10% and 39.65% in Goa and 38% and 36% in Meghalaya, respectively. Though long electrophoretic profile was appeared to be the most predominant rotavirus type in circulation in these two states, 96% of long and 84.61% short electropherotype profiles could be detected by RT-PCR. The dsRNA of rotavirus extracted from 36 samples could be transcribed and amplified by beg9end9 primers for G genotyping, while, 41 by con3con2 primers for P genotyping. G1P[8] and G1P[6] genotypes were commonly circulated in Goa and G1P[8] and G1P[4] genotypes in Meghalaya. On nucleotide analysis, 6 samples from Goa showed G1 genotype specificity, while, 3 showed P[8] specificity indicating the G1P[8] rotavirus circulating in Goa. In Meghalaya state, 3 strains showed P[8] and 2 showed P[4] genotype specificity. The majority of the G and P genotypes were closely related to each other and G1 genotypes appeared in two separate clusters, while, P[8] and P[4] appeared in the respective clusters. Conclusion The circulation of G1P[8], G1P[6] genotypes in Goa and the presence of G1P[8] and G1P[4] genotypes in Meghalaya was observed.

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Rotavirus gastroenteritis in Indian children < 5 years hospitalized for diarrhoea, 2012 to 2016

Cited by 54 publications

References 21 publications

Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Group A Rotavirus Circulating in Shanxi Province, China During 2015-2019

Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Group A Rotavirus Circulating in Shanxi Province, China During 2015-2019

Molecular Epidemiology of Rotavirus A Strains Pre- and Post-Vaccine (Rotarix®) Introduction in Mozambique, 2012–2019: Emergence of Genotypes G3P[4] and G3P[8]

Genotypic determination of human group A rotaviruses from Goa and Meghalaya states, India

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