Rosmarinic acid: modes of action, medicinal values and health benefits

Abstract

The supplementation of livestock rations with herbs containing bioactive components, such as rosmarinic acid (RA), have shown promising results as a natural feed additive in promoting growth, productive and reproductive performance, feed utilization, fertility, anti-oxidant status and immunologic indices. Furthermore, RA reportedly reduces the risks of various animal diseases and mitigates side effects of chemical and synthetic drugs. RA is a natural polyphenol present in several Lamiaceae herbs like Perilla frutescens, and RA is becoming an integral component of animal nutrition as it counters the effect of reactive oxygen species induced in the body as a consequence of different kinds of stressors. Studies have further ascertained the capability of RA to work as an anti-microbial, immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, hepato- and renal-protectant agent, as well as to have beneficial effects during skin afflictions. Additionally, RA is favored in meat industries due to enhancing the quality of meat products by reportedly improving shelf-life and imparting desirable flavor. This review describes the beneficial applications and recent findings with RA, including its natural sources, modes of action and various useful applications in safeguarding livestock health as well as important aspects of human health.

Effect of low‐ or high‐CP diet with cold‐pressed oil supplementation on growth, immunity and antioxidant indices of growing quail

“…Nowadays, natural feed supplements and additives are getting importance in health care systems and poultry industry, due to their broad scale of beneficial impacts, as growth enhancer, immune augmentation and health safeguard against many diseases (Abd El‐Hack et al, ; Alagawany et al, ). Thyme ( Thymus vulgaris L.) and marjoram ( Origanum vulgare ) or their effective components improve the digestive action of enzymes such as lipase, protease and amylase, resulting in enhanced nutrient digestibility (Abd El‐Hack, Mahgoub, Alagawany, & Dhama, ; Badiri & Saber, ).…”

In vitro bioaccessibility and activity of Greek oregano (Origanum vulgare L. ssp. hirtum (link) Ietswaart) compounds as affected by nitrogen fertilization

“…Chemically, rosmarinic acid is an ester of caffeic acid and 3,4‐dihydroxyphenyllactic acid. Several in vitro animal and human studies show that this compound displays health‐enhancing potential with regard to its antioxidant, antiallergenic, antiviral, antibacterial, antidepressant, anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, and chemopreventive properties . There is thus a growing research interest in the natural sources of rosmarinic acid, factors affecting its biosynthesis and accumulation, its fate after intake, and its metabolism …”

“…Several in vitro animal and human studies show that this compound displays health-enhancing potential with regard to its antioxidant, antiallergenic, antiviral, antibacterial, antidepressant, anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, and chemopreventive properties. [9][10][11][12] There is thus a growing research interest in the natural sources of rosmarinic acid, factors affecting its biosynthesis and accumulation, its fate after intake, and its metabolism. 10,12 Despite the promising composition of Greek oregano, the content and profile of bioactive substances depend on many factors including genotype, origin, climate, soil properties, plant development, and fertilization.…”

“…[9][10][11][12] There is thus a growing research interest in the natural sources of rosmarinic acid, factors affecting its biosynthesis and accumulation, its fate after intake, and its metabolism. 10,12 Despite the promising composition of Greek oregano, the content and profile of bioactive substances depend on many factors including genotype, origin, climate, soil properties, plant development, and fertilization. 1,4 Nitrogen fertilization is an important element of modern plant production technology.…”

Bidirect effects from cisplatin combine with rosmarinic acid (RA) or hot water extracts of Glechoma hederacea (HWG) on renal cancer cells

“…Rosmarinic acid (RA), the ester of 3, 4-dihydroxyphenyllactic and caffeic acids is considered to be one of the most important polyphenols. Studies have further ascertained the anti-microbial, immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, hepato-and renal-protectant effects of RA, as well as its beneficial effects on skin afflictions [21][22][23].…”