Root strength and root area ratio of forest species in Lombardy (Northern Italy)

Bischetti, Gian Battista; Chiaradia, Enrico Antonio; Simonato, Tommaso; Speziali, Barbara; Vitali, Barbara; Vullo, Paolo; Zocco, Antonio

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-5593-5_4

Cited by 96 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Root distribution in soil depth is one of the factors for analyzing the effect of vegetation on slope stability. This study indicates that, RAR values decreased with soil depth which is in agreement with the result of earlier authors such as (Abdi et al, 2010 a, b;Bischetti et al, 2005;Burylo et al, 2011). Furthermore study shows that the highest RAR values are located in the second soil depth as indicated by the other authors (Burylo et al, 2011), and third soil layers Abdi et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In the power law equation, the parameters depend on the plant species and environmental conditions. Bischetti et al, (2005) believed that for a specific species, the highest value of α and the lowest value of β, regarding the strength-diameter relationship, produce the highest tensile resistance against shallow landslide and this finding useful for selecting a species in order to erosion control ad slope stability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before testing, root diameter was measured in five points along the root length. The key point in the machine is the following: 1) constant strain rate of 10 mm/min, based on the other authors Bischetti et al 2005;De Baets et al 2008;Abdi et al 2010a;Hudek et al 2010;Burylo et al 2011; and 2) the only specimens which broke in the middle of the root length would take into consideration, ensuring that the rupture is due to tensile force, not root structure or stress due to clamp .…”

Section: Wwwgjournalsorg 47mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Root Distribution and Tensile Strength of Acacia mangium Willd (Fabaceae) in the Rainforest

Lateh¹,

Avani²,

Ghassem³

2014

GJBS

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The purpose of this study is to complement the existing body of knowledge on the root system of tropical plants and their contribution to slope stability. For this reason, four trees of Acacia mangium selected as randomly in rainforest along East-West Highway, Malaysia. Root area ratio (RAR) and tensile strength (Tr) data were collected and analyzed. RAR data were measured with the whole root system and Tr were measured by individual roots. The results showed that there is a power law equation between root diameter and Tr, with an average of 44.11 Mpa (in average root diameter of 0.9mm). There was a wide variation in the RAR in relation to soil depth. Generally, RAR reduced with the increasing soil depth. Similarly, additional cohesion by plant roots conducted by Tr and RAR. In conclusion, in order to assess soil reinforcement by vegetation roots, root distribution and tensile strength data with soil depth in different vegetation and sites is necessary.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wwwgjournalsorg 47mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Root Distribution and Tensile Strength of Acacia mangium Willd (Fabaceae) in the Rainforest

Lateh¹,

Avani²,

Ghassem³

2014

GJBS

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“…Tensile strength was calculated by dividing the applied force required to break the root by the cross-section area of the root at its rupture point. Tests subjected to slippage, or those roots that broke because of crushing at the jaw faces, were disregarded (Cofie et al 2001;Bischetti et al 2005;Mattia et al 2005). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Th is may be attributed to not considerable thickness of root bark in this species. Bischetti et al (2005) suggested that the exponent of the power law equation (β) controls the rate of strength decay with diameter, whereas α can be considered as a scale factor. Th erefore a low scale factor (α) and a high exponent (β) mean a less resistant species.…”

Section: Tensile Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile strength and cellulose content of Persian ironwood (Parrotia persica) roots as bioengineering material

et al. 2014

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Unstable slopes create numerous problems for forest management and may destroy the road network and disturb access to forest. Soil bioengineering is a solution that can prevent these problems and reinforce the hillslope. Persian ironwood is considered as a good protective species for hillslope stability in Iran with an extensive lack of information about biotechnical properties. In this research the root strength of this species and also the relation between root diameter and cellulose content were investigated. The results showed that the mean tensile force and tensile strength were 99.70 ± 2.01 N and 173.23 ± 4.94 MPa, respectively, for the root diameter range between 0.22 and 3.78 mm. The results of ANOVA showed that the power models between root diameter and tensile force and tensile strength were statistically significant and the results of t-test showed that coefficients and constants of the models are also significant. The values of the parameters of the power law (α and β) obtained for Persian ironwood do not fall in the range that has already been suggested for hardwood roots, which may be due to a narrow diameter range. The mean cellulose content was 56.87 ± 5.79% and the relationship between root diameter and cellulose content was not statistically significant. The data presented in this study expand the knowledge of biotechnical properties of Persian ironwood and support the idea that there is still an extensive lack of information about plant roots as a bioengineering material.

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Bistable dynamics between forest removal and landslide occurrence

Runyan

D’Odorico

2014

Water Resour. Res.

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It is well documented that deforestation results in an increase in landslide frequency due to the control that forest roots have on slope stability. The loss of forest vegetation leads to a reduction in soil cohesion and a decrease in the shear strength of the soil profile. As a result, the slope becomes more susceptible to landsliding and the return time of landslides decreases. When a landslide removes the soil profile, there may not be adequate time for seedlings to grow and enhance soil stability. In this study, we investigate whether bistable dynamics emerge from the interaction of forest vegetation with the formation and accumulation of colluvial deposits in soil-mantled landscapes. To that end, we develop deterministic and stochastic models of landslide occurrence with a dynamic vegetation component. Results show that bistability exists for the deterministic case for both steep and shallow hollows under event and supply limited conditions. However, for the stochastic case, the randomness of landslide occurrence largely changed the states of the system such that the system only exhibited one stable state, which was the fully vegetated condition. Examining different management practices under stochastic conditions showed that the system eventually recovered; however, management practices influenced the recovery time of the forest. Thus, different management practices could render the land in a state of low vegetation over economically significant time periods.

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Root strength and root area ratio of forest species in Lombardy (Northern Italy)

Cited by 96 publications

References 29 publications

Investigation of Root Distribution and Tensile Strength of Acacia mangium Willd (Fabaceae) in the Rainforest

Investigation of Root Distribution and Tensile Strength of Acacia mangium Willd (Fabaceae) in the Rainforest

Tensile strength and cellulose content of Persian ironwood (Parrotia persica) roots as bioengineering material

Bistable dynamics between forest removal and landslide occurrence

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