Root Phenes for Enhanced Soil Exploration and Phosphorus Acquisition: Tools for Future Crops

Lynch, Jonathan P.

doi:10.1104/pp.111.175414

Cited by 859 publications

(688 citation statements)

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“…The phenotyping of RCS is not possible at the seedling stage, since it takes several weeks of plant growth for the phenotype and genetic differences to be visible. The identification of genetic markers controlling RCS would greatly facilitate their use in breeding programs (Lynch 2011;Henry et al 2012;York et al 2013). Advances in laser ablation tomography may enable the phenotyping of root anatomical traits on targeted root segments in a high-throughput manner (Chimungu et al 2014a;Saengwilai et al 2014;Chimungu et al 2014b).…”

Section: Research Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the growing season, mobile resources are available in deep soil domains due to depletion by root uptake in the topsoil as loss to leaching in the case of nitrate and direct evaporation in the case of water (Manschadi et al 2006;Lynch 2013;Trachsel et al 2013;Lynch and Wojciechowski 2015). However, immobile resources, including potassium and phosphorus, typically have the greatest availability in shallow soil domains Zhu et al 2005;Lynch 2011;Lynch 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In developed countries, intensive fertilization is a primary energy, economic, and environmental cost of agricultural production (Woods et al 2010). Understanding phenes ('phene' is to 'phenotype' as 'gene' is to 'genotype') (Lynch 2011;Pieruschka and Poorter 2012;York et al 2013) that enhance plant performance in drought and nutrient-limited conditions is important in increasing the productivity, resilience, and sustainability of global agriculture. Root phenes are obviously of primary importance in soil resource capture, but the fitness impacts and genetic control of root phenes are not well understood.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Functional implications of root cortical senescence for soil resource capture

Schneider

Lynch

2017

Plant Soil

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Background Root phenes play a primary role in plant adaptation to edaphic stress. Understanding the functional implications of root phenotypes will enable the development of crop varieties with improved soil resource acquisition. Root cortical senescence (RCS) is a type of programmed cell death in cortical cells of several Poaceae species. Until recently there has been very little attention to the functional implications of RCS for water and nutrient capture. Scope We explore the functional implications of RCS as an adaptive trait for water and nutrient acquisition. The present review summarizes evidence from our own studies and other published work, and provides novel insights into the fitness landscape of RCS. Progress has recently been achieved in understanding the development and physiological implications of RCS. We propose that RCS is a useful trait for water and nutrient acquisition, particularly in edaphic stress conditions. Conclusions Further research is needed to understand the utility and tradeoffs of RCS in the context of specific environments, management practices, and phenotypic backgrounds. The utility of RCS for improved plant performance under edaphic stress merits investigation in the field. RCS may be a useful breeding target for improved soil resource capture in several major crop species including wheat, barley, and triticale.

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Section: Research Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Functional implications of root cortical senescence for soil resource capture

Schneider

Lynch

2017

Plant Soil

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“…Entre essas estratégias, as mais comuns são o desenvolvimento de maior quantidade de raízes basais e axiais com grande número de pelos radiculares, a formação de exsudatos radiculares e o crescimento das raízes em ângulos diferentes (Ramaekers et al, 2010;Lynch, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Para E FISIO , somente oito linhagens foram agrupadas entre as de pior desempenho (grupos b e c), e o caráter variou de 0,32 kg kg -1 (P9405) a 2,19 kg kg -1 (BR005R). Isso indica que a linhagem BR005R produziu, em média, 219 kg a mais de matéria seca de grãos, para cada quilograma de P, que as plantas no tratamento controle sob baixa disponibilidade de P. Segundo Lynch (2011), o custo metabólico da maior exploração do solo pelas raízes é componente importante no crescimento de plantas sob baixa disponibilidade de P. Os autores constataram que, fisiologicamente, a planta que investe em mais raízes pode acabar produzindo uma grande quantidade de tecido inativo, o que promoveria um gasto energético interno desnecessário e diminuiria sua produtividade.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Seleção de linhagens de sorgo granífero eficientes e responsivas à aplicação de fósforo

Rodrigues

Magalhães

Guimarães

et al. 2014

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar linhagens de sorgo simultaneamente responsivas ao fósforo e com elevada eficiência produtiva quanto a esse nutriente. Foram avaliadas 36 linhagens endogâmicas, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com duas repetições. Os caracteres usados para avaliação da eficiência produtiva foram produtividade média e eficiências de absorção, de utilização e de uso de fósforo, com e sem adubação fosfatada. Para análise da responsividade ao nutriente, foram avaliados caracteres de produtividade relativa e de eficiências de recuperação aparente, fisiológica e agronômica. Há variabilidade genética entre as linhagens quanto às eficiências de absorção, de utilização e de uso do fósforo, e quanto à responsividade ao nutriente, o que sugere a possibilidade de produção de híbridos destinados a nichos de mercado diferentes. As linhagens mais responsivas foram P9401, BR007B, BR008B, SC414-12E e SC566, e as mais eficientes, sob baixa disponibilidade de fósforo, foram ATF40B, SC566, BR005R, CMSXS225 e BR012 (R6). As linhagens ATF40B, ATF54 (f61), ATF54 (f596), QL3 e SC566 apresentaram melhor desempenho simultâneo das diferentes eficiências avaliadas e da responsividade ao fósforo. Apenas a avaliação do caráter produtividade, sob diferentes disponibilidades de fósforo, já permite identificar linhagens eficientes e responsivas ao fósforo.Termos para indexação: Sorghum bicolor, eficiência de absorção, estresse nutricional, índice de seleção, seleção simultânea. Selection of grain sorghum lines efficient and responsive to phosphorus applicationAbstract -The objective of this work was to select sorghum lines simultaneously responsive to phosphorus fertilization and with high productive efficiency regarding this nutrient. Thirty six sorghum inbred lines were evaluated in a randomized complete block design, with two replicates. The traits used to evaluate the productive efficiency were average yield and efficiencies of absorption, utilization, and use of phosphorus, with and without phosphorus fertilization. For the analysis of the responsivity to the nutrient, the evaluated traits were relative yield and apparent recovery, physiological, and agronomic efficiencies. The lines were genetically divergent as to the efficiencies of absorption, utilization, and use of phosphorus, and to the responsivity to the nutrient, suggesting the possibility of producing hybrids destined to different market niches. The most responsive lines were P9401, BR007B, BR008B, SC414-12E, and SC566, and the most efficient ones under low phosphorus availability were ATF40B, SC566, BR005R, CMSXS225, and BR012 (R6). The ATF40B, ATF54 (f61), ATF54 (f596), QL3, and SC566 lines showed better simultaneous performance for the different evaluated efficiencies and for the responsivity to phosphorus. The evaluation of productivity alone, under different phosphorus availabilities, already makes it possible to identify efficient and responsive lines to phosphorus.

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