Root hair formation in rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>L.) differs between root types and is altered in artificial growth conditions

Nestler, Josefine; Keyes, Samuel D.; Wissuwa, Matthias

doi:10.1093/jxb/erw115

Cited by 104 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Another possibility is that, as a cell that extends from the plant body into the rhizosphere, the root hair may evolve and utilize multiple developmental strategies to effectively interact with and adapt to a varying environment. In support of this, root hair growth in many species is known to be strongly influenced by nutrient availability (Perry et al, 2007;Nestler et al, 2016;Salazar-Henao et al, 2016). Alternatively, the strong selection for high yield imposed on most of these species during their domestication may be responsible for the high degree of root hair gene divergence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification of Root Hair Development Genes in Vascular Plants

et al. 2017

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ORCID IDs: 0000-0002-5135-6088 (L.H.); 0000-0002-0560-5872 (J.S.).The molecular genetic program for root hair development has been studied intensively in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). To understand the extent to which this program might operate in other plants, we conducted a large-scale comparative analysis of root hair development genes from diverse vascular plants, including eudicots, monocots, and a lycophyte. Combining phylogenetics and transcriptomics, we discovered conservation of a core set of root hair genes across all vascular plants, which may derive from an ancient program for unidirectional cell growth coopted for root hair development during vascular plant evolution. Interestingly, we also discovered preferential diversification in the structure and expression of root hair development genes, relative to other root hair-and root-expressed genes, among these species. These differences enabled the definition of sets of genes and gene functions that were acquired or lost in specific lineages during vascular plant evolution. In particular, we found substantial divergence in the structure and expression of genes used for root hair patterning, suggesting that the Arabidopsis transcriptional regulatory mechanism is not shared by other species. To our knowledge, this study provides the first comprehensive view of gene expression in a single plant cell type across multiple species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification of Root Hair Development Genes in Vascular Plants

et al. 2017

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“…Field sites are located in Tsukuba, Japan, and soil properties have been described elsewhere (Nestler et al, 2016). The same P deficient Andosol soil from the upland field plot was used to fill Rhizoboxes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although P deficiency can lead to increased root hair length and density in tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ), rape ( Brassica oleracea ), spinach ( Spinacia oleracea ) (Foehse and Jungk, 1983), common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris , Miguel et al, 2015), and Arabidopsis thaliana (Bates and Lynch, 1996) this is not a general observation for plant species or even among varieties of a species. Recently, it was demonstrated that P deficient soil can even lead to formation of shorter root hairs on rice ( Oryza sativa ) roots compared to sufficiently P supplied soil (Nestler et al, 2016). And among 166 Arabidopsis genotypes the majority showed no difference in root hair length in relation to P level (Stetter et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently it was found that root hair properties of rice genotypes differ depending on the growth media used. When grown in nutrient solution rice plants reacted to P deficiency by developing longer and denser root hairs, while a similar response to P supply was not detected in soil (Nestler et al, 2016). Furthermore, root hair development was primarily along main root axes in nutrient solution, whereas hair development on lateral roots was significant in soil-grown plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Superior Root Hair Formation Confers Root Efficiency in Some, But Not All, Rice Genotypes upon P Deficiency

Nestler

Wissuwa

2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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Root hairs are a low-cost way to extend root surface area (RSA), water and nutrient acquisition. This study investigated to what extend variation exists for root hair formation in rice in dependence of genotype, phosphorus (P) supply, growth medium, and root type. In general, genotypic variation was found for three root hair properties: root hair length, density, and longevity. In low P nutrient solution more than twofold genotypic difference was detected for root hair length while only onefold variation was found in low P soil. These differences were mostly due to the ability of some genotypes to increase root hair length in response to P deficiency. In addition, we were able to show that a higher proportion of root hairs remain viable even in mature, field-grown plants under low P conditions. All investigated root hair parameters exhibited high correlations across root types which were always higher in the low P conditions compared to the high P controls. Therefore we hypothesize that a low P response leads to a systemic signal in the entire root system. The genotype DJ123 consistently had the longest root hairs under low P conditions and we estimated that, across the field-grown root system, root hairs increased the total RSA by 31% in this genotype. This would explain why DJ123 is considered to be very root efficient in P uptake and suggests that DJ123 should be utilized as a donor in breeding for enhanced P uptake. Surprisingly, another root and P efficient genotype seemed not to rely on root hair growth upon P deficiency and therefore must contain different methods of low P adaptation. Genotypic ranking of root hair properties did change substantially with growth condition highlighting the need to phenotype plants in soil-based conditions or at least to validate results obtained in solution-based growth conditions.

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“…type C roots) with xylem differentiated down to the tip are suspected to facilitate water uptake Wang et al, 1994). In rice, the presence of short, thin, and abundant lateral roots has been interpreted functionally as super root hairs (Nestler et al, 2016), increasing the root surface area and nutrient uptake, in particular for immobile ions such as phosphorus, while at the same time having a low carbon cost as compared with long lateral roots. By contrast, long lateral roots (i.e.…”

Section: Which Role For the Three Lateral Root Types?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Phenotyping Pipeline Reveals Three Types of Lateral Roots and a Random Branching Pattern in Two Cereals

et al. 2018

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Recent progress in root phenotyping has focused mainly on increasing throughput for genetic studies, while identifying root developmental patterns has been comparatively underexplored. We introduce a new phenotyping pipeline for producing high-quality spatiotemporal root system development data and identifying developmental patterns within these data. The SmartRoot image-analysis system and temporal and spatial statistical models were applied to two cereals, pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and maize (Zea mays). Semi-Markov switching linear models were used to cluster lateral roots based on their growth rate profiles. These models revealed three types of lateral roots with similar characteristics in both species. The first type corresponds to fast and accelerating roots, the second to rapidly arrested roots, and the third to an intermediate type where roots cease elongation after a few days. These types of lateral roots were retrieved in different proportions in a maize mutant affected in auxin signaling, while the first most vigorous type was absent in maize plants exposed to severe shading. Moreover, the classification of growth rate profiles was mirrored by a ranking of anatomical traits in pearl millet. Potential dependencies in the succession of lateral root types along the primary root were then analyzed using variable-order Markov chains. The lateral root type was not influenced by the shootward neighbor root type or by the distance from this root. This random branching pattern of primary roots was remarkably conserved, despite the high variability of root systems in both species. Our phenotyping pipeline opens the door to exploring the genetic variability of lateral root developmental patterns. Breakthrough Technologieswww.plantphysiol.org on April 29, 2019 -Published by Downloaded from

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Root hair formation in rice (Oryza sativaL.) differs between root types and is altered in artificial growth conditions

Cited by 104 publications

References 38 publications

Diversification of Root Hair Development Genes in Vascular Plants

Diversification of Root Hair Development Genes in Vascular Plants

Superior Root Hair Formation Confers Root Efficiency in Some, But Not All, Rice Genotypes upon P Deficiency

A New Phenotyping Pipeline Reveals Three Types of Lateral Roots and a Random Branching Pattern in Two Cereals

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