Root Canal Shape of Human Permanent Teeth Determined by New Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Software

The prevalence of oval‐shaped root canals: A morphometric study using cone‐beam computed tomography and image analysis software

“…However, disto‐buccal root showed a similar frequency of long oval canals at the apical level to previous studies (4,11). Contrary to previous findings, flat‐shaped canals were not shown at the apical level in all canals of either the first or second maxillary molar (Table 6) (11). Mandibular molars showed higher similarity to previous reports (4).…”

“…Bueno et al (11) performed a CBCT shape analysis on root canal cross sections of all teeth groups and presented the frequencies of different shapes including round, oval/long oval and flat canals, but also of other shapes such as eight-shaped, trapezoidal, drop-shaped, etc. They found oval/long oval canals in maxillary central incisors in 15% and 13% at the apical level (1 and 2 mm from apical foramen) and in maxillary lateral incisors 40% and 45% at the same level, which was a little lower than in our study (Table 4) (11). As for the maxillary canines, they found them to be oval/long oval in 39% at the apical level (2 mm from apical foramen) which was similar to our results (40%) (11).…”

“…Other than that, it has been shown, for instance in orthodontics, that objective measurements in treatment planning can assist the proper selection of the treatment (25). Previous studies on shapes of the root canals on cross sections using CBCT can be considered subjective, as they have not used any measuring tools in their analysis (11,20). Therefore, we have adopted the use of an image analysis tool in order to precisely measure the diameters of a canal on CBCT cross sections, by which we have calculated the D / d ratio, and based on those calculations, classified the root canal cross section by their shape.…”

Evaluation in the danger zone of mandibular molars after root canal preparation using novel CBCT software

“…Evaluation methods have changed along the years, in line with new anatomic studies conducted on the danger zone, and with the alternative use of several different instrument systems and preparation techniques. With the advent CBCT incorporated into the field of endodontics, and the development and application of new software, [25][26][27]30,34,35 the initial cementum-dentin thickness in the danger zone can be measured, and the findings may be used to improve planning, and the decision of the most appropriate size and taper of instruments to be used in specific clinical conditions. The in vitro method developed in the study may provide information not only on the loss of dentin structure in the thin walls of human teeth, but also on future in vivo applications.…”

Influence of anatomical features in the endodontic treatment planning of maxillary anterior teeth

“…2,3,8 In recent years, anatomical studies have been carried out using µCT to study different tooth groups or specific conditions such as double-rooted mandibular canines, four-rooted maxillary second molars, single-rooted mandibular canines, enamel pearls, oval root canals, deciduous teeth, mandibular incisors, mandibular first molars with three roots, mandibular/maxillary premolars, and mandibular/ maxillary molars. 2,3,[8][9][10][11][12][13] However, two-and three-dimensional quantitative morphological studies and qualitative analysis of the internal and external anatomy of maxillary anterior teeth have not yet been reported in the literature. Thus, the aim of the study was to evaluate two-and three-dimensional morphometric aspects of the internal and external anatomy of maxillary central, lateral incisors and canines using µCT.…”