Root and Tuber Crops

Bradshaw, J. E.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-92765-7

Cited by 53 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 419 publications

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“…All modern classifications of crops including molecular genetic works are finishing on botanical varieties and forms and modern researchers use agro-biological classifications developing by VIR scientists (Bradshaw, 2010;Wang, Kole, 2015). For example, Brassica rapa L. contains a number of crops with great economic importance of different use.…”

Section: The Main Goals Of Pgr Evaluation At Vir Intraspecific Divisimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Russian Brassicaceae collection – from N.I. Vavilov and E.N. Sinskaya till nowadays

2019

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This article presents the history of the formation of the Russian state Brassicaceae collection maintained at the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR). Nowadays this one of the world's richest collections encompasses more than 10,750 accessions of different status from 32 species and 11 genera: vegetable, fodder, oilseed, spicy, ornamental crops and continues to grow through collecting missions and exchange of material. The first intraspecific botanical and agrobiological ecologo-geographical divisions of many crops-cole, turnip, radish, small radish, Swede-were performed by E.N. Sinskaya and T.V. Lizgunova over years of research. These unique works have been continued by M.A. Shebalina and L.V. Sazonova: the cultivar types of Chinese cabbage and pakchoi have been determined; the development of the classifications of white cabbage, broccoli, small radish, turnip is being continued. The objective laws of variability of valuable biochemical traits are presented; a comparative analysis of nutritive and biologically active substances, primarily secondary metabolites, allowed us to determine specific biochemical compounds: those common for the related species Brassica oleracea and B. rapa but occurring in them at different frequencies and those unique for species, subspecies and separate cultivar types; this is the beginning of taxonomic studies. With phytopathological studies, the common diseases of Brassicas in the northwestern part of Russia were determined, and the level of their distribution and development depending on the crop was shown. Genetic studies of the Brassicaceae collections at VIR include DNA analysis to search for duplicates in the collections, to compare original seeds and the seeds after reproduction and to assess the authenticity of saved accessions, to assess biodiversity, including that of new material from collecting missions, to develop phylogenetic studies. Chromosome loci controlling flowering time, morphological and biochemical traits were determined by QTL analysis and association mapping, the molecular markers found are used for screening the collection and breeding material. The sources and donors of traits valuable for modern breeding directions have been found for use in various breeding programs.

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Section: The Main Goals Of Pgr Evaluation At Vir Intraspecific Divisimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Russian Brassicaceae collection – from N.I. Vavilov and E.N. Sinskaya till nowadays

2019

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“…Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is a basic foodstuff, fodder, and horticultural crop grown in tropical countries [1][2][3][4][5][6]. It ranks seventh in the world in terms of production [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sweet Potato as a Key Crop for Food Security under the Conditions of Global Climate Change: A Review

Sapakhova

Raissova

Daurov

et al. 2023

Plants

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Sweet potato is one of the most economically important crops for addressing global food security and climate change issues, especially under conditions of extensive agriculture, such as those found in developing countries. However, osmotic stress negatively impacts the agronomic and economic productivity of sweet potato cultivation by inducing several morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes. Plants employ many signaling pathways to respond to water stress by modifying their growth patterns, activating antioxidants, accumulating suitable solutes and chaperones, and making stress proteins. These physiological, metabolic, and genetic modifications can be employed as the best indicators for choosing drought-tolerant genotypes. The main objective of sweet potato breeding in many regions of the world, especially those affected by drought, is to obtain varieties that combine drought tolerance with high yields. In this regard, the study of the physiological and biochemical features of certain varieties is important for the implementation of drought resistance measures. Adapted genotypes can be selected and improved for particular growing conditions by using suitable tools and drought tolerance-related selection criteria. By regulating genetics in this way, the creation of drought-resistant varieties may become cost-effective for smallholder farmers. This review focuses on the drought tolerance mechanisms of sweet potato, the effects of drought stress on its productivity, its crop management strategies for drought mitigation, traditional and molecular sweet potato breeding methods for drought tolerance, and the use of biotechnological methods to increase the tolerance of sweet potato to drought.

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“…Another key aspect is to always take into account hybridization barriers that have been thoroughly reviewed elsewhere (Camadro et al 2004;Jansky 2009b;Bethke et al 2017). The great potential recognized in these wild relatives encouraged scientists to develop strategies for overcoming such barriers (Jansky 2006;Bradshaw and Bonierbale 2010;Bethke et al 2017). Once the crossing barriers are overcome, stabilizing the introgression in the potato genotypes still represents a challenge due to its tetraploid inheritance.…”

Section: Tools For Establishing Introgressive Hybridizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introgressive Hybridization in Potato Revealed by Novel Cytogenetic and Genomic Technologies

2018

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Potato is the third most important food crop in the world and is crucial to ensure food security. However, increasing biotic and abiotic stresses jeopardize its stable production. Fortunately, breeders count on a rich pool of wild relatives that provide sources for disease resistance and tolerance to environmental stresses. To use such traits effectively, breeders require tools that facilitate exploration and exploitation of the genetic diversity of potato wild relatives. Introgression programs to incorporate such alien chromatin into the crop have so far relied on cytogenetic and genetic studies to tap desired traits from these wild resources. The available genetic and cytogenetic tools, supplemented with more recent genomic technologies, can assist in the use of potato relatives in pre-breeding. This information can also facilitate cisgenesis and genome editing to improve potato cultivars. Despite the abundant and rapidly growing genomic information of potato, that of its wild relatives is still limited. Resumen La papa es el tercer alimento más importante en el mundo y es crucial para garantizar la seguridad alimentaria. No obstante, el aumento de los factores adversos bióticos y abióticos pone en riesgo la estabilidad de la producción. Afortunadamente, los mejoradores cuentan con rico acervo de parientes silvestres que suministran fuentes de resistencia a enfermedades y tolerancia a factores ambientales adversos. Para utilizar tales caracteres efectivamente, los mejoradores requieren de herramientas que faciliten la exploración y explotación de la diversidad genética de los parientes silvestres de la papa. Los programas de introgresión para incorporar tal cromatina ajena al cultivo hasta ahora han recurrido a estudios citogenéticos y genéticos para captar caracteres deseables de esas fuentes silvestres. Las herramientas genéticas y citogenéticas disponibles, suplementadas con tecnologías genómicas más recientes, pueden asistir en el uso de los parientes de la papa en pre-mejoramiento. Esta información también puede facilitar la cisgénesis y la edición genómica para mejorar las variedades de papa. A pesar del abundante y rápido crecimiento de la información genómica de la papa, la de los parientes silvestres es aún limitada.

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Root and Tuber Crops

Cited by 53 publications

References 419 publications

The Russian Brassicaceae collection – from N.I. Vavilov and E.N. Sinskaya till nowadays

The Russian Brassicaceae collection – from N.I. Vavilov and E.N. Sinskaya till nowadays

Sweet Potato as a Key Crop for Food Security under the Conditions of Global Climate Change: A Review

Introgressive Hybridization in Potato Revealed by Novel Cytogenetic and Genomic Technologies

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