Root and Stem Damage Caused by Termite-fungi Interaction on Rice

Oyetunji, O. E.; Peluola, Cecilia; Nwilene, F. E.; Togola, Abou

doi:10.3923/jas.2014.1851.1857

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Maize roots were also reported to be significantly more attacked by termites than other plant organs by Akpesse et al (2008). Termites consuming maize roots were associated to lodging and mortality of maize plants (Anyango et al, 2019), also reducing the transport of water and nutrients to other plant organs leading to poor growth and death (Oyetunji et al 2014). Therefore, efforts to develop integrated pest management programs against termites should focus on root-feeding groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Termites and maize crops: assemblage composition, damage level, and varietal sensitivity in contrasting agro-ecological zones of the Republic of Benin

Loko

Toffa

Orobiyi

et al. 2021

International Journal of Pest Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Termites are considered as important pests of maize plantations in Republic of Benin. However, very little information is available on their assemblage composition, abundance, damages, and on the sensitivity of common maize varieties in Benin. This study aims to fill these gaps and provide baseline for the development of an integrated termite management in maize plantations. Therefore, 60 maize fields across 30 villages located in four agro-ecological zones of southern Benin were prospected using the standardized method of belt transects. In addition, the resistance of five maize varieties to termite attacks was evaluated on-farm during two consecutive seasons (2018 and 2019). Fifteen termite species belonging to 11 genera, 6 subfamilies and 3 families were collected in the prospected maize fields. Four species (Macrotermes subhyalinus Rambur, Coptotermes sjostedti Holmgren, Amitermes evuncifer Silvestri, and Trinevitermes germinatus Wasmann) were found in all agro-ecological zones with A. evuncifer as the most abundant species. High similarity indices of termite assemblages were found between the four agro-ecological zones. Wood-feeders group and species nesting in hypogeal nests were the mostly abundant in all agro-ecological zones. The attack rate of termites in maize fields was 16.9% and did not vary significantly between agro-ecological zones. A. evuncifer and C. sjostedti were significantly the most destructive species on the five evaluated varieties, although Trinevitermes oeconomus Trägardh was most abundant in leaf sheaths; M. subhyalinus and Macrotermes bellicossus Smeathman in the stem; Pseudacanthotermes militaris Hagen and Odontotermes sp. in the roots. Termite damage level to maize depended of the variety. Korga variety was classified as highly resistant to termite attacks; Agbadé kouin winiwini variety as resistant; Igbado tchakpa variety as moderately resistant. While, Elèkpèrè and Forkui varieties were classified as highly susceptible. The three maize varieties identified as resistant to termite attack should be included in the development of an integrated termite management program and in future breeding programs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Termites and maize crops: assemblage composition, damage level, and varietal sensitivity in contrasting agro-ecological zones of the Republic of Benin

Loko

Toffa

Orobiyi

et al. 2021

International Journal of Pest Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Study by Oyetunji et al [54] showed that the detrimental effect caused by fungi (Botryodiplodia theobromae and Trichoderma sp.) on rice plants was made possible by the infestation of termites (Macrotermes spp.)…”

Section: Causal Agent(s) Of Stem Wiltingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of the Causal Agent(s) of Spike Shedding and Stem Wilting of Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in Morogoro District, Tanzania

Shango

Majubwa

Maerere

2020

Advances in Agriculture

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) serves as a source of income to smallholder spice farmers in Morogoro district of Tanzania. Recently, spike shedding and stem wilting of pepper plants were reported to cause about 30% yield loss of the crop. This study was undertaken to identify the causal agent(s) of the problems. Three pepper gardens in each of the four hamlets (Nyange, Doga, Tandai, and Lukenge) in Tandai village (Kinole ward) were surveyed, and plant tissue and soil samples were collected for laboratory analysis. An experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Pepper cultivars, Babu kubwa, Babu ndogo, Babu kati, and Ismailia grown in the study area, were used as treatments for evaluation of the prevalence of spike shedding and stem wilting. Treatments mean separation was conducted based on Duncan’s multiple range test at p = 0.05 . Regression (R2) and simple correlation (r) analyses between stem wilting (incidence and severity) and termite pest infestation were performed. The identified pathogen in most of the soil and plant tissue samples was Fusarium oxysporum. The nutrients, N, P, Mg, and Cu, concentration in soil and leaf samples was below the optimal ranges. Termite attacks were significantly high in some farmer’s gardens where up to 50.5% of the pepper plants was damaged. Hence, a significant positive correlation was observed between termite pest infestation in gardens and both incidence (r = 0.881, R2 = 0.74, p < 0.001 ) and severity of stem wilting (r = 0.918, R2 = 0.84, p < 0.001 ) of pepper plants. Most of the termite attacks and damages (70%) were observed on pepper plants supported on silver oak, unlike those trained on Jatropha. A higher percentage of undeveloped berries (36%) and intermediate-size berries (34%) was recorded on cultivars “Babu kati” and “Babu kubwa,” respectively. Multiple factors have been associated to be the causes of spike shedding and stem wilting of pepper, which could be used to develop appropriate control solutions useful to farmers. Confirmation of F. oxysporum pathogenicity is recommended. A comprehensive study is suggested on the repellent or lethal activities of Jatropha against F. oxysporum and termites. Furthermore, studies through field experiments are needed to generate site-specific soil nutrient improvement recommendations and design an integrated approach to control F. oxysporum and termites and to determine existing alternative host plants for these pests.

show abstract

Effect ofBeauveria bassianaandMetarhizium anisopliaeon the adult African rice gall midge (AfRGM –Orseolia oryzivora)

Oyetunji¹,

Odebode

Nwilene³

et al. 2019

Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Root and Stem Damage Caused by Termite-fungi Interaction on Rice

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Termites and maize crops: assemblage composition, damage level, and varietal sensitivity in contrasting agro-ecological zones of the Republic of Benin

Termites and maize crops: assemblage composition, damage level, and varietal sensitivity in contrasting agro-ecological zones of the Republic of Benin

Establishment of the Causal Agent(s) of Spike Shedding and Stem Wilting of Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in Morogoro District, Tanzania

Effect ofBeauveria bassianaandMetarhizium anisopliaeon the adult African rice gall midge (AfRGM –Orseolia oryzivora)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About