Room temperature detection of individual molecular physisorption using suspended bilayer graphene

Sun, Jian; Muruganathan, Manoharan; Mizuta, Hiroshi

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501518

Cited by 131 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The potential slowly decays outwards towards 0 within a 9 -10 nm distance from the adsorbate. Similar behaviour of the potential was reported for CO 2 molecule on graphene whose simulated potential reached a constant value of the thermal energy at about 2.7 nm distance from the molecule [9]. For comparison, we selected a Coulomb potential of the form   0.02 / V r e r  and simulates the corresponding projected potential, shown in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…The corresponding simulated projected potential exhibits a faster decay when compared to the experimentally obtained projected potential. Thus, the realistic potential distribution associated with a complex charge density redistribution between the adsorbate and graphene [9] can only roughly be approximated by a 1/ r dependency [23] that corresponds to a free charge and disregards any shielding due to an electronic rearrangement within the graphene. The simulated projected Coulomb potential does not reach zero as the experimentally measured projected potential does.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential distribution associated with an individual charged atom appears therefore impossible to accurately predict by theory. However, when making a number of assumptions, as for example the exact orientation of an adsorbate on graphene, it is possible to perform DFT simulations for an individual adsorbate and to provide the charge density redistribution [6,9]. We demonstrate experimental observation of an individual charged impurity by means of low-energy holography and recover its projected potential from its holograms by an iterative phase retrieval reconstruction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging the potential distribution of individual charged impurities on graphene by low-energy electron holography

et al. 2017

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While imaging individual atoms can routinely be achieved in high resolution transmission electron microscopy, visualizing the potential distribution of individually charged adsorbates leading to a phase shift of the probing electron wave is still a challenging task. Low-energy electrons (30 - 250 eV) are sensitive to localized potential gradients. We employed low-energy electron holography to acquire in-line holograms of individual charged impurities on free-standing graphene. By applying an iterative phase retrieval reconstruction routine we recover the potential distribution of the localized charged impurities present on free-standing graphene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging the potential distribution of individual charged impurities on graphene by low-energy electron holography

et al. 2017

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“…The blue and yellow lobes represent charge depletion and charge accumulation, respectively. As shown in Figure g,h, The charge transfer from ammonia to ZGO is more prominent, which explains why pZGO with a defective structure are more likely to interact with ammonia gas molecule than sZGO . The presence of abundant defects in the pZGO results in stronger electron density depletion by ammonia gas molecules, and more of the transferred charge is spread around the adsorption site in the pZGO (Figure g).…”

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confidence: 93%

Grain‐Boundary‐Induced Drastic Sensing Performance Enhancement of Polycrystalline‐Microwire Printed Gas Sensors

et al. 2018

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The development of materials with high efficiency and stable signal output in a bent state is important for flexible electronics. Grain boundaries provide lasting inspiration and a promising avenue for designing advanced functionalities using nanomaterials. Combining bulk defects in polycrystalline materials is shown to result in rich new electronic structures, catalytic activities, and mechanical properties for many applications. However, direct evidence that grain boundaries can create new physicochemical properties in flexible electronics is lacking. Here, a combination of bulk electrosensitive measurements, density functional theory calculations, and atomic force microscopy technology with quantitative nanomechanical mapping is used to show that grain boundaries in polycrystalline wires are more active and mechanically stable than single‐crystalline wires for real‐time detection of chemical analytes. The existence of a grain boundary improves the electronic and mechanical properties, which activate and stabilize materials, and allow new opportunities to design highly sensitive, flexible chemical sensors.

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“…1 The full exposure of graphene surface to environment, together with easy doping 2 and low electrical noise of this material, 3 paves the way for the fabrication of sensitive chemical sensors. For example, the detection of NO2 gas on ppq-level 4 or even single adsorbed molecules 3,5 has been demonstrated in high vacuum or in inert (Ar) gas atmosphere.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly sensitive NO2 sensors by pulsed laser deposition on graphene

Kodu

Berholts

Kahro

et al. 2016

Applied Physics Letters

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Graphene as a single-atomic-layer material is fully exposed to environmental factors and has therefore a great potential for the creation of sensitive gas sensors. However, in order to realize this potential for different polluting gases, graphene has to be functionalized -adsorption centers of different types and with high affinity to target gases have to be created at its surface. In the present work, the modification of graphene by small amounts of laser-ablated materials is introduced for this purpose as a versatile and precise tool. The approach has been demonstrated with two very different materials chosen for pulsed laser deposition (PLD) -a metal (Ag) and a dielectric oxide (ZrO2). It was shown that the gas response and its recovery rate can be significantly enhanced by choosing the PLD target material and deposition conditions. The response to NO2 gas in air was amplified up to 40 times in the case of PLD-modified graphene, in comparison with pristine graphene, and it reached 7-8% at 40 ppb of NO2 and 20-30% at 1 ppm of NO2. The PLD process was conducted in a background gas (5 x10 -2 mbar oxygen or nitrogen) and resulted in the atomic areal

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Room temperature detection of individual molecular physisorption using suspended bilayer graphene

Abstract: Researchers detect individual CO2 physisorption with suspended bilayer graphene based on induced Coulomb impurity scattering.

Cited by 131 publications

References 34 publications

Imaging the potential distribution of individual charged impurities on graphene by low-energy electron holography

Imaging the potential distribution of individual charged impurities on graphene by low-energy electron holography

Grain‐Boundary‐Induced Drastic Sensing Performance Enhancement of Polycrystalline‐Microwire Printed Gas Sensors

Highly sensitive NO2 sensors by pulsed laser deposition on graphene

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