Room for improvement in low carbon economies of G7 and BRICS countries based on the analysis of energy efficiency and environmental Kuznets curves

Chang, Ming-Chung

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.03.002

Cited by 107 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…The result in Figure 2a shows that the energy efficiency of the G7 group is always superior to the BRICS group. This result is the same as that in Chang [42], in which the room for improvement of energy intensity for BRICS is always larger than that in the G7. Although there is an energy efficiency gap between the G7 and BRICS, both of their energy efficiency trends are the same, except 2001-2002.…”

Section: Group Energy Efficiency and Group Energy Efficiency Changesupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Previous studies related to the environment and energy issue such as [30,34,41] and Chang [42] also use a similar combination of input and output variables. The data source is the website of the World Bank, and the data period is from 2000 to 2011.…”

Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The result implies that the 2008 financial crisis had a larger shock on the developing countries in BRICS versus the developed countries in the G7. Chang [42] also points out that the room for improvement of energy intensity in the BRICS group suddenly rocketed during the 2008 financial crisis. Table 4 estimates the energy decoupling rate, the target energy decoupling rate, and the achievement standard ratio of the energy decoupling rate for the 12 countries in the G7 and BRICS by Equations (6), (7), and (10).…”

Section: Group Energy Efficiency and Group Energy Efficiency Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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Progressive Time-Weighted Dynamic Energy Efficiency, Energy Decoupling Rate, and Decarbonization: An Empirical Study on G7 and BRICS

Chang

Chen

2016

Sustainability

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Abstract:Energy is a critical factor of economic growth, but the overuse of it results in global warming and climate change. Hence, energy efficiency improvement can help mitigate climate change and prevent economic losses or even ecological extinction. The data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach has been extensively applied for energy efficiency estimation, but past studies of this estimation employ a static mode that does not consider consecutive periods and the carry-over effect. This study estimates energy efficiency under a weight-restricted dynamic DEA (WrD-DEA) model, creates a weight-restricted dynamic energy efficiency (WrD-EE) indicator, and discusses issues concerning the energy decoupling rate and decarbonization. We utilize members in the Group of Seven (G7) and BRICS (Brazil, China, India, Russia, and South Africa) for our experimental observations. The main results herein are: (1) BRICS has larger room for improvement to achieve the standard ratio of the energy decoupling rate than the G7; (2) the G7 and BRICS do not converge to decarbonization; and (3) BRICS exhibits more rapid improvement on energy efficiency than the G7.

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Section: Group Energy Efficiency and Group Energy Efficiency Changesupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Group Energy Efficiency and Group Energy Efficiency Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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Progressive Time-Weighted Dynamic Energy Efficiency, Energy Decoupling Rate, and Decarbonization: An Empirical Study on G7 and BRICS

Chang

Chen

2016

Sustainability

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“…The most common tools used are environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) theory (Chang, 2015;Diao et al, 2009;Richmond and Kaufmann, 2006), scenario analysis (He et al, 2012;Liu et al, 3 2015a; Zhang et al, 2016), and the IPAT model (He, 2013;Sadorsky, 2014;Yuan et al, 2014). Based on these different methods, researchers usually get different results on the peaking time of China's CO2 emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic impact assessment of China's CO2 emissions peak prior to 2030

Wei

Wang

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

368

116

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Abstract:China is the largest emitter of carbon emissions in the world. In this paper, we present an Integrated Model of Economy and Climate (IMEC), an optimization model based on the input-output model. The model is designed to assess the tradeoff between emission deceleration and economic growth. Given that China's projected average growth rate will exceed 5% over the next two decades, we find that China may reach its peak CO2 emissions levels by 2026. According to this scenario, China's carbon emissions will peak at 11.20 Gt in 2026 and will then decline to 10.84 Gt in 2030.Accordingly, approximately 22 Gt of CO2 will be removed from 2015 to 2035 relative to the scenario wherein China's CO2 emissions peak in 2030. While this earlier peaking of carbon emissions will result in a decline in China's GDP, several sectors, such as Machinery and Education, will benefit. In order to reach peak CO2 emissions by 2026, China needs to reduce its annual GDP growth rate to less than 4.5% by 2030 and decrease energy and carbon intensity levels by 43% and 45%, respectively, from 2015 to 2030.

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“…Due to heterogeneity among the 12 countries, the meta-frontier idea is applied herein in order to avoid bias in the estimated results. This paper's basic model framework is a non-oriented and non-radial DEA model, which was contributed by Chang (2015) [33] in which the best-practice frontier is used to measure operational efficiency, the worst-practice frontier is used to measure environment efficiency, and overall efficiency combines the operation and environment efficiencies. In order to apply the Chang (2015) [33] model into the meta-frontier framework and the dynamic efficiency estimation, we set up a variation of that model in which the weights of operational efficiency and environmental efficiency are one half, meaning that the 2 efficiencies are the same focus for the decision maker.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%