Roles of Salicylic Acid-responsive <italic>Cis</italic>-acting Elements and W-boxes in Salicylic Acid Induction of <italic>VCH3</italic> Promoter in Transgenic Tobaccos

Abstract

A salicylic acid (SA)-inducible VCH3 promoter was recently identified from grapevine (Vitis amurensis) that contains two inverse SA-responsive cis-acting elements and four W-boxes. To further demonstrate the roles of these elements, four fragments with lengths from -1187, -892, -589, -276 to +7 bp were fused with the b-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and transferred to Nicotiana tobacum, together with another four VCH3 promoter fragments with mutation in the two inverse SA-responsive elements. The functions of each promoter fragment were examined by analysis of GUS activity in the transgenic tobacco root treated with SA. Enhanced GUS activity was shown in the roots of transgenic tobaccos with the VCH3 (-1187)-GUS construct containing two SA-responsive cis-acting elements and four W-boxes. However, GUS activity directed by the VCH3 (-892)-GUS construct, containing one SA cis-acting element and four W-boxes, was reduced by up to 35% compared with that in tobaccos transformed with the VCH3 (-1187)-GUS construct, indicating that the SA cis-acting element plays an important role in SA induction of the VCH3 promoter. Neither the m2VCH3 (-1187)-GUS nor the mVCH3 (-892)-GUS construct, with mutation on the SA-responsive elements, abolished the expression of GUS activity, demonstrating that the W-boxes in the VCH3 promoter are also involved in SA induction. Histochemical analysis of GUS activity directed by each of the eight VCH3 promoter fragments showed that GUS was expressed specifically in vascular tissue. It was concluded that both the SA-responsive cis-acting elements and the W-boxes are important for the SA induction of the VCH3 promoter. This promoter might have a potential use in plant genetic engineering.

A Region Containing an as-1 Element of Dahlia Mosaic Virus (DaMV) Subgenomic Transcript Promoter Plays a Key Role in Green Tissue- and Root-Specific Expression in Plants

“…The inverse salicylic acid (SA)-responsive elements (GCAGT, inverse to as-1 element) and the W-box in the Vitis amurensis VCH3 promoter were found to be involved in SA induction (Li et al 2006). Interestingly, the comparative sequence analysis of the enhancer region of the DaMVSgt4 promoter with other Caulimovirus promoters revealed that DaMVSgt4 promoter contains three as-1 elements, which makes this promoter unique compared with other caulimovirus promoters (Fig.…”

Terpene synthases in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and their contribution to herbivore‐induced volatile terpenoid emission

“…Multiple CAREs present in the promoter sequences of CsTPS2 , CsTPS9 and CsTPS19 were identified as possibly involved in JA, SA or ABA responsiveness. For example, G‐boxes (CACGTG), required for JA‐mediated expression regulation (Kim et al ., 1992 ; Endt et al ., 2007 ), W‐boxes (TTGACC) associated with responsiveness to SA (Li et al ., 2006 ) and ABRE motifs, related to ABA responsiveness (Lenka et al ., 2009 ), were present in all three promoters. The wound‐responsive WUN motif was found in p CsTPS9 and p CsTPS19 but not in p CsTPS2 , and this might play an as‐yet‐unknown role in the different responses to the mechanical damage inflicted by herbivores from different feeding guilds.…”

Opposing influences of TAC1 and LAZY1 on Lateral Shoot Orientation in Arabidopsis

“…It's possible that, in addition to auxin transport impairments, the lazy1 branch angle phenotype is connected to reduced cell elongation in abaxial branch tissues as a result of high SA concentrations. The Arabidopsis LAZY1 promoter region also has several SA responsive W-Box and WLE1 elements -(T)TGAC(C/T) and TGACA respectively -suggesting SA may have a direct role in regulating LAZY1 expression 43,44 . However, our RNAseq data uncovered DEGs more tangentially, rather than directly, related to SA biosynthesis and signaling.…”