Roles of microRNAs in abdominal aortic aneurysm pathogenesis and the possibility of their use as biomarkers

Abstract

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a dangerous condition involving pathological dilation of the aortic wall. Due to the asymptomatic course of this disease and the dangerous consequences of its rupture, it is important to identify its specific bio-markers expressed as early as possible. Different expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) were detected in patients diagnosed with AAA. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate the expression of other genes at the translation stage. miRNAs affecting translation can lead to abnormal remodeling of extracellular matrix, inhibition of the cell cycle, cell aging or intensified inflammation. This review summarizes current knowledge about the role of microRNAs in the context of formation and development of abdominal aorta aneurysm and the possibility of using some miRNAs as bio-markers, and also provides basic information about miRNAs and aneurysms.

MiR-30c-1-3p targets matrix metalloproteinase 9 involved in the rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysms

“…Accumulating evidence indicates that the deregulation of miRNA expression can have profound effects on extracellular matrix remodeling, cell cycle, aging, and inflammation [7] and is associated with many diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders [11][12][13]. MiRNAs are distinguished by high extracellular stability and can be detected in blood and other body fluids; therefore, circulating miRNAs share many characteristics essential for biomarkers, such as sensitivity, specificity, and a long half-life in the sample, as well as rapid and cost-effective laboratory detection.…”

“…MiRNAs are very stable in the extracellular space and can be found in body fluids such as blood [5]. Many studies have explored the relationship between miRNAs and AAA [6][7][8] and several thousands of human miRNA sequences with unique expression in different tissues at specific stages of AAA development are expected to serve as new diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In this study, we constructed an AAA mouse model under the pathological conditions of both high fat and hypertension, and further adopted miRNA array analysis to determine the differentiated miRNAs that are highly homologous and consistent with AAA diagnosis.…”

MiR-30c-1-3p Targets Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Involved into the Rupture of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

“…Accumulating evidence indicates that the deregulation of miRNA expression can have profound effects on extracellular matrix remodeling, cell cycle, aging, and in ammation [10] and is associated with many diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders [11][12][13]. MiRNAs are distinguished by high extracellular stability and can be detected in blood and other body uids; therefore, circulating miRNAs share many characteristics essential for biomarkers, such as sensitivity, speci city, and a long half-life in the sample, as well as rapid and cost-effective laboratory detection.…”

“…MiRNAs are very stable in the extracellular space and can be found in body uids such as blood [5]. Many studies have explored the relationship between miRNAs and AAA [6][7][8] and several thousands of human miRNA sequences with unique expression in different tissues at speci c stages of AAA development are expected to serve as new diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.…”

Biomarkers in EndoVascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications

“…Some recent reviews summarized the impact of miRNA and long non coding RNA (lncRNA) in cellular processed involved in abdominal aortic aneurysm [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. Although some lncRNAs have been described as dysregulated in models or human tissue of AAA, comparatively few studies exist to date that have established their functional roles in pathologic disease.…”