Roles of chicken growth hormone receptor antisense transcript in chicken muscle development and myoblast differentiation

RRM2 promotes the proliferation of chicken myoblasts, inhibits their differentiation and muscle regeneration

“…Previous studies have shown that MyoG and MyoD are both myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs), which play important roles in myoblast differentiation and fusion and can be used as mouse C2C12 myoblast differentiation marker genes ( Zhang et al, 2018 ; Chen et al, 2021b ). In chickens and mice, MyHC is highly expressed during myogenic differentiation and myotube formation and is also a differentiation marker gene in myogenesis ( Chen et al, 2019b ; Xu et al, 2019 ; Sakai et al, 2022 ). In addition, Myomaker , a muscle-specific fusion factor, is one of the key factors in the differentiation of myoblasts in humans and mice.…”

Regulation of Non-Coding RNA in the Growth and Development of Skeletal Muscle in Domestic Chickens

“…Hormones play a crucial role in the development of skeletal muscle, with growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) being the most critical hormones [ 50 ]. Both factors function in concert with the GH-GHR-IGF1 signaling pathway or independently to promote skeletal muscle growth and increase muscle mass [ 51 , 52 ]. The sex-linked dwarf (SLD) chicken is caused by a recessive mutation of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene on the Z chromosome [ 53 ], which has fewer and smaller muscle fibers than normal size.…”

“…The sex-linked dwarf (SLD) chicken is caused by a recessive mutation of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene on the Z chromosome [ 53 ], which has fewer and smaller muscle fibers than normal size. Once GHR gene mutations (most of these mutations are located in the extracellular domain of the GHR, where they reduce or abolish the binding affinity to GH [ 54 ]), they will inhibit myoblast differentiation by inhibiting fusion and promoting migration through the GH-GHR-IGF1 signaling pathway [ 51 ]. In 2012, the first miRNA (miRNA let-7b) linked to skeletal muscle development in domestic chickens was discovered, and it was able to suppress skeletal muscle development by targeting the GHR gene [ 32 ].…”