Roles of Auxin and Gibberellin in Gravity-Induced Tension Wood Formation in Aesculus Turbinata Seedlings

Du, Sheng; Uno, Hiroki; Yamamoto, Fukuju

doi:10.1163/22941932-90000370

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…There was TW formation in trees treated with exogenous IAA (Figure 5b) and this observation is consistent with the report of Morey and Cronshaw (1968b). Du et al (2004) found that NPA inhibits TW formation if the cellular auxin transport is perturbed by NPA.…”

Section: Effects Of Iaa and Npasupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Different stimuli are known to induce TW formation, especially the gravitational and hormonal stimuli (Jin et al 2014;Gerttula et al 2015;Gritsch et al 2015;Roussel and Clair 2015). Auxins mediate seasonal changes of cambial activity as a positional signal (Uggla et al 1996(Uggla et al , 1998 and, probably, they also play a key role in the control of TW formation (Morey and Cronshaw 1968a;Du et al 2004). Auxins induced TW formation in Acer rubrum seedlings, especially at low concentrations (Morey and Cronshaw 1968b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) is the best known auxin transport inhibitor, which promotes the abnormal formation of vascular cells by disrupting auxin flow. NPA inhibited TW formation in Aesculus turbinata seedlings (Du et al 2004;Yoshida et al 2005). The auxin concentration of TW has been analysed by GC-MS, but a difference in endogenous auxin concentration between TW and normal wood could not be detected (Uggla et al 1996;Hellgren et al 2004;Du and Yamamoto 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of exogenous IAA on tension wood formation by facilitating polar auxin transport and cellulose biosynthesis in hybrid poplar (Populus deltoids × Populus nigra) wood

Liu

et al. 2016

Holzforschung

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Auxins as phytohormons, responsible for coordination of growing processes, also contribute to the formation of tension wood (TW) in trees, but the mechanism of this process is still unclear. In this study, it has been tried to induce TW formation in erect hybrid poplar trees (in opposite to inclined or bended trees) by treatment with exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA, as one of the auxins) or N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) as an auxin transport inhibitor. The treatment with IAA resulted in TW formation and, as expected, NPA treatment did not. The gelatinous fiber formation and higher cellulose content in the cell wall were unambiguous indicators for TW formation. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis revealed that genes of PIN1, ABCB1, and AUX2 involved in polar auxin transport were highly expressed in trees treated with exogenous IAA. Moreover, expressions of cellulose biosynthesis related genes of UGP1, UGP2 and CesA13 were strongly up-regulated. These observations indicate that the accelerated intercellular polar auxin transport caused by exogenous IAA is accounted for TW formation, i.e. the signal transduction of auxin is affected, which then facilitates cellulose biosynthesis. In contrast, the transcript abundances of PIN1 and all selected cellulose synthases (CesAs) were decreased after NPA treatment via inhibiting the cellular auxin efflux with negative effects on plant's primary growth. These results are interpreted that TW formation is closely associated with the acceleration of intercellular polar auxin transport.

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Section: Effects Of Iaa and Npasupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of exogenous IAA on tension wood formation by facilitating polar auxin transport and cellulose biosynthesis in hybrid poplar (Populus deltoids × Populus nigra) wood

Liu

et al. 2016

Holzforschung

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“…Many experimental studies have been carried out to describe the role of auxin in formation of reaction wood (Du et al, 2004;Funada et al, 1990;Phelps et al, 1977;Sundberg et al, 1994;Yamaguchi et al, 1980;Wardrop and Davies, 1964), involving a redistribution of auxin or auxin-transport inhibitors. These findings suggest that the formation of reaction wood is associated with a high level of auxin to induce compression wood (gymnosperms) and low level of auxin for tension wood (angiosperms).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of auxin transport affected by gravity and differential radial growth

Forest

Padilla²,

Martínez

et al. 2006

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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“…The application of BA alone was not effective in promoting cambial activity and xylem formation until mixed with NAA. There have been reports regarding interactions between auxin and gibberellin and their role in plant growth (Ross et al 2000(Ross et al , 2002Ross and O'Neill 2001;Wolbang and Ross 2001) and on gravitropism and tension wood formation (Du et al 2004). Therefore, the control of negative gravitropism and tension wood formation by GA 3 and IAA in hardwood tree stems remains to be fully elucidated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Negative Gravitropism and Tension Wood Formation by Gibberellic Acid and Indole Acetic Acid in Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. var. japonica Maxim Seedlings

Jiang

Chen

et al. 2006

JIPB

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In the present study, we investigated the role of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) and indole acetic acid (IAA) in the gravity response of stems and tension wood formation using two-year-old stems of Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. var. japonica Maxim seedlings. Forty-five seedlings were used and divided into nine groups that included five seedlings in each group. Seedlings were treated with applications of GA 3 alone at concentrations of 2.89 × 10 -8 and 2.89 × 10 -7 µ µ µ µ µmol/L, IAA alone at concentrations of 5.71×10 -8 and 5.71×10 -7 µ µ µ µ µmol/L, or their combination to the apical bud of the stem using a micropipette. Seedlings were positioned horizontally after the first treatment. The same treatments were repeated six times per week. At the end of the experiment, all seedlings were harvested. Then, stem segments were cut under a light microscope. Application of exogenous GA 3 at the higher concentration stimulated the upward bending of stems, whereas exogenous IAA had no effect. A synergistic effect of GA 3 and IAA on upward stem bending was observed following application of the two combinations of GA 3 and IAA. Moreover, application of exogenous GA 3 at the higher dose stimulated wood formation on both the upper and lower sides of the stems, whereas the mixture of GA 3 and IAA had a synergistic effect on wood formation in horizontal stems. Application of exogenous IAA alone at the lower concentration (5.71×10 -8 µ µ µ µ µmol/L) or application of a mixture of the higher concentrations of GA 3 (2.89 × 10 -7 µ µ µ µ µmol/L mol/L mol/L mol/L mol/L) and IAA (5.71×10 -7 µ µ µ µ µmol/L) inhibited the development of gelatinous fibers (the G-layer) of tension wood on the upper side of the horizontal stems. The differentiation of gelatinous fibers of tension wood was not inhibited by GA 3 when it was applied alone, whereas the development of the gelatinous fibers of tension wood was strongly affected by the application of IAA. The findings of the present study suggest that the development of the G-layer is not related to the dose of GA 3 , but needs a relatively lower concentration of IAA.

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Roles of Auxin and Gibberellin in Gravity-Induced Tension Wood Formation in Aesculus Turbinata Seedlings

Cited by 25 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of exogenous IAA on tension wood formation by facilitating polar auxin transport and cellulose biosynthesis in hybrid poplar (Populus deltoids × Populus nigra) wood

Effect of exogenous IAA on tension wood formation by facilitating polar auxin transport and cellulose biosynthesis in hybrid poplar (Populus deltoids × Populus nigra) wood

Modelling of auxin transport affected by gravity and differential radial growth

Control of Negative Gravitropism and Tension Wood Formation by Gibberellic Acid and Indole Acetic Acid in Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. var. japonica Maxim Seedlings

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