Roles of Alkaloids from Medicinal Plants in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus

Adhikari, Bikash

doi:10.1155/2021/2691525

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Alkaloids may bind to the competitive or noncompetitive sites of the enzyme involved in digestion, preventing the formation of an enzyme-substrate complex; as a result, lowering enzyme activity. Inhibiting these enzymes is one strategy for reducing blood glucose levels [24]. Likewise, phenolic compounds were known to be able to interact with enzymes or substrates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Activity of α-Glucosidase by the Extract and Fraction of Marine Sponge-Derived Fungus Penicillium citrinum Xt6

Fauziah

Ali

Ilmiawati

et al. 2022

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic condition characterized by high blood glucose levels due to insufficient insulin secretion or activity. Diabetes treatment may include inhibiting carbohydrate breakdown enzymes like α-glucosidase. Chemical compounds of the marine-derived fungus have the potential to inhibit α-glucosidase and, thus, could be used in therapy. Marine sponge-derived fungus lives in a colony on the tissues of living things. In the marine sponge Xestospongia testudinaria DD-01, there is a colony of the fungus Penicillium citrinum Xt6. P. citrinum Xt6 has been reported to reduce blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase by the extracts and fractions of marine-derived fungus P. citrinum Xt6. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out in vitro using p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (PNPG) substrate and α-glucosidase enzyme from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ELISA was used to measuring the enzyme’s inhibition activity at the wavelength of 405 nm. Acarbose was used as the standard drug, which inhibits the activity of α-glucosidase. RESULTS: Inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of ethyl acetate extract was 37.39 μg/mL, methanol fraction was 60.01 μg/mL, n-hexane fraction was 75.45 μg/mL, and acarbose was 124.39 g/mL. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the extract and fraction of marine-derived fungus P. citrinum inhibit α-glucosidase activity. P. citrinum could be developed into an antidiabetic agent.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Activity of α-Glucosidase by the Extract and Fraction of Marine Sponge-Derived Fungus Penicillium citrinum Xt6

Fauziah

Ali

Ilmiawati

et al. 2022

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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“…Below these levels, alkaloids are known to be potentially beneficial, especially in preventing or managing type 2 diabetes [ 40 ]. This antidiabetic property of alkaloids is potentially achieved through reducing diabetic-induced oxidative stress, inhibition of carbohydrate digesting enzymes by competing for binding sites, and regeneration of pancreatic cells and, therefore, insulin secretion [ 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Household Processing Methods and Their Impact on Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Sweetpotato Genotypes of Varying Storage Root Flesh Colours

et al. 2022

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Sweetpotato storage roots, peeled and unpeeled, of varying flesh colours (white, cream, yellow, pale orange, deep orange, and purple) were spectrophotometrically evaluated for their bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities. Roots were boiled, steamed, baked, fried, or microwaved. The unpeeled roots had relatively higher (p < 0.001) bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities than the peeled ones. All cooking methods increased phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins in all genotypes. Significant losses of total carotenoids occurred with all cooking methods (ranging from 24.18 to 172.76 µg/g in raw sweetpotatoes vs. 10.06 to 118.17 µg/g in cooked ones; p < 0.001), except the deep-orange-fleshed genotype, in which frying slightly increased carotenoids from 269.81 to 304.74 µg/g. Microwaving retained 69% vitamin C in the cream-fleshed one, the highest among the cooking methods. Anthocyanins decreased with baking and frying in the purple-fleshed one but increased with other methods; microwaving being highest at 13.9% (17.43 mg/g). While the 2,2′-azino-bis-3- ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid antioxidant activity decreased with all cooking techniques in some genotypes, ferricyanide-reducing antioxidant potential increased. The retention of bioactive compounds in sweetpotato storage roots depends on the processing method. Thus, to obtain the most health benefits, consumers should use different cooking methods but retain the peels.

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“…They also have a role in inhibiting advanced glycation end products (AGEs), increment of insulin release and secretion from pancreatic β-cell and its sensitivity, and the enhancement of glucose uptake from circulation to lower the levels. 11 Additionally, saponins play a role in preventing excess glucose uptake in the intestinal mucosa to minimize catabolism by increasing the activity of adenosine monophosphate kinase (AMPK). 7 Another role is increasing insulin signalling to maintain consistent production and reduce blood glucose levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiabetic Effects and Enzymatic Antioxidant Activity of Chicken Drumstick Mushroom (Coprinus comatus) Extract in Diabetic Rats Model

Ratnaningtyas¹,

Husen²,

Sukmawati³

et al. 2022

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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Coprinus comatus (O.F. Mull.) Pers. is a medicinal and edible mushroom containing bioactive compounds known as antidiabetic and antioxidant agents. The pancreatic β-cells were sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS) attacks, which can cause necrosis and disrupt insulin production. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the C. comatus ethyl acetate extract for antidiabetic and antioxidant to decrease fasting blood glucose, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 enzyme (DPP-4) levels, and increase glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Subsequently, 24 male Wistar rats were divided into six groups, namely 2-5 streptozotocin (STZ)-induced 45 mg/kg, 1/HC (without any treatment), 2/NC (negative control), 3/PC (administered metformin 45 mg/kg Body weight (BW), 4-6 (T1: administered 250 mg, T2: administered 500 mg, and T3: administered 750 mg/kg BW extract). The parameters were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. According to the results, the extract significantly decreased DPP-4 levels, blood glucose and increased GPx (p ≤ 0.05). The 500 mg extract effectively reduced blood glucose levels and DPP-4 enzyme as well as increased levels of GPx.

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Roles of Alkaloids from Medicinal Plants in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 28 publications

References 88 publications

Inhibitory Activity of α-Glucosidase by the Extract and Fraction of Marine Sponge-Derived Fungus Penicillium citrinum Xt6

Inhibitory Activity of α-Glucosidase by the Extract and Fraction of Marine Sponge-Derived Fungus Penicillium citrinum Xt6

Household Processing Methods and Their Impact on Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Sweetpotato Genotypes of Varying Storage Root Flesh Colours

Antidiabetic Effects and Enzymatic Antioxidant Activity of Chicken Drumstick Mushroom (Coprinus comatus) Extract in Diabetic Rats Model

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