Roles and mechanisms of ginseng in protecting heart

Zheng, Sidao; Wu, Hongjin; Wu, Duanqin

doi:10.1007/s11655-012-1148-1

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Angelica , another component of the recipe, contains organic acids, which has been proved to have the function of antimyocardial ischemia by stabilizing the cell member system [23, 24]. The third component of recipe use in our study, Ginseng , is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine having cardiovascular benefits usually used in treatment of heart disease [25]. And emerging evidence also suggests that Ginseng attenuates myocardial hypertrophy, thus blunting the remodeling and heart failure processes [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yiqi Huoxue Recipe Improves Heart Function through Inhibiting Apoptosis Related to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Myocardial Infarction Model of Rats

Lou

Zhang

et al. 2014

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. To explore the mechanism of cardioprotective effects of Chinese medicine, Yiqi Huoxue recipe, in rats with myocardial infarction- (MI-) induced heart failure. Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent left anterior descending artery (LAD) ligation or sham operation. The surviving MI rats were divided randomly into three groups: MI (5 mL/kg/d NS by gavage), MI + Metoprolol Tartrate (MT) (12 mg/kg/d MT by gavage), and MI + Yiqi Huoxue (5 mL/kg recipe by gavage). And the sham operation rats were given 5 mL/kg/d normal saline. Treatments were given on the day following surgery for 4 weeks. Then rats were detected for heart structure and function by transthoracic echocardiography. Apoptosis in heart tissues was detected by TUNEL staining. To determine whether the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response pathway is included in the cardioprotective function of the recipe, ER stress related proteins such as GRP78 and caspase-12 were examined. Results. Yiqi Huoxue recipe attenuated heart function injury, reversed histopathological damage, alleviated myocardial apoptosis and inhibited ER stress in MI rats. Conclusion. All the results suggest that Yiqi Huoxue recipe improves the injured heart function maybe through inhibition of ER stress response pathway, which is a promising target in therapy for heart failure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yiqi Huoxue Recipe Improves Heart Function through Inhibiting Apoptosis Related to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Myocardial Infarction Model of Rats

Lou

Zhang

et al. 2014

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Therapeutic effects of P. ginseng on neurodegenerative disorders (Cho, ; Radad et al ., ), cardiovascular diseases (Zheng et al ., ), diabetes (Xie et al ., ) and cancer (Jung et al ., ; Wong et al ., ) are often attributed to unique saponins called ginsenosides, glycosylated triterpenes classified as either dammarane‐ ( Panax ‐specific) or oleanane‐type based on aglycone skeletal structure. Ginsenosides are accumulated in roots, leaves, stems, flower buds and berries, in quantities varying with tissue (Oh et al ., ; Shi et al ., ), age (Shi et al ., ; Xiao et al ., ), environment (Jiang et al ., ; Kim et al ., ) and cultivar (Lee et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome and evolution of the shade‐requiring medicinal herb Panax ginseng

Kim

Jayakodi

Lee

et al. 2018

Plant Biotechnology Journal

150

123

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Summary Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, reputed as the king of medicinal herbs, has slow growth, long generation time, low seed production and complicated genome structure that hamper its study. Here, we unveil the genomic architecture of tetraploid P. ginseng by de novo genome assembly, representing 2.98 Gbp with 59 352 annotated genes. Resequencing data indicated that diploid Panax species diverged in association with global warming in Southern Asia, and two North American species evolved via two intercontinental migrations. Two whole genome duplications (WGD) occurred in the family Araliaceae (including Panax) after divergence with the Apiaceae, the more recent one contributing to the ability of P. ginseng to overwinter, enabling it to spread broadly through the Northern Hemisphere. Functional and evolutionary analyses suggest that production of pharmacologically important dammarane‐type ginsenosides originated in Panax and are produced largely in shoot tissues and transported to roots; that newly evolved P. ginseng fatty acid desaturases increase freezing tolerance; and that unprecedented retention of chlorophyll a/b binding protein genes enables efficient photosynthesis under low light. A genome‐scale metabolic network provides a holistic view of Panax ginsenoside biosynthesis. This study provides valuable resources for improving medicinal values of ginseng either through genomics‐assisted breeding or metabolic engineering.

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“…Medicinally, ginseng is used to strengthen body systems weakened by physical and emotional conditions. Many reports have documented the health-enhancing effects of ginseng and its ginsenosides on microbial infections, the immune system, neurodegenerative disease, heart diseases, and cancer treatment [5,14,22,23,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Gold Nanoparticle Fertilizer Enhances the Ginsenoside Contents and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Red Ginseng

Kang

Hwang²,

Lee

et al. 2016

Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

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Red ginseng, a steamed and sun-dried ginseng, is a popular health-promoting food in Korea and other Asian countries. We introduced nanofertilizer technology using gold nanoparticles in an effort to develop red ginseng with an elevated level of ginsenosides, the main active compounds of ginseng. Shoots of 6-year-old ginseng plants were fertilized three times with colloidal gold nanoparticle sprays. Red ginseng extract was prepared from the main roots. The concentrations of gold and ginsenosides were measured following gold nanoparticle treatment. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects, mouse peritoneal macrophages of male BALB/c mouse were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide plus interferon-γ in the presence of extracts from red ginseng with or without gold nanoparticle treatment. The content of ginsenosides, such as Rg1, Re, Rf, and Rb1, increased in ginseng treated with gold nanofertilizer whereas the steaming process increased only the levels of Rd and Rg3. The levels of nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and interleukin-6, but not tumor necrosis factor-α, were more suppressed in macrophages treated with extract from gold nanoparticle-treated red ginseng. Our results show that the use of a colloidal gold nanoparticle fertilizer improved the synthesis of ginsenosides in ginseng and enhanced the anti-inflammatory effects of red ginseng. Further research is required to elucidate the causal factors for the gold-induced change in ginsenoside synthesis and to determine the in vivo effect of gold nanoparticle-treated ginseng.

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Roles and mechanisms of ginseng in protecting heart

Cited by 34 publications

References 61 publications

Yiqi Huoxue Recipe Improves Heart Function through Inhibiting Apoptosis Related to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Myocardial Infarction Model of Rats

Yiqi Huoxue Recipe Improves Heart Function through Inhibiting Apoptosis Related to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Myocardial Infarction Model of Rats

Genome and evolution of the shade‐requiring medicinal herb Panax ginseng

Use of Gold Nanoparticle Fertilizer Enhances the Ginsenoside Contents and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Red Ginseng

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