Roles and mechanisms of Ca<sup>2+</sup> in regulating primary root growth of plants

Zhang, Xiao Pan; X, Cai; Sun, Li Rong; Hao, Fu Shun

doi:10.1080/15592324.2020.1748283

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…These genes are involved in calcium signaling [ 35 ], suggesting that this rise in expression is necessary for maintaining continuous root growth. Calcium is involved in processes such as regulating primary root growth through auxin signaling, modulating primary root growth through cytokinin signaling, promoting primary root elongation by interfering with brassinosteroid signaling, and being involved in abscisic acid-inhibited root growth through ROS signal transduction or influencing ethylene biosynthesis plays a significant role in growth and development [ 36 ]. Additionally, calcium facilitates primary root growth by regulating cell wall reformation and is also involved in root development in the absence of sucrose [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of genetics and hormonal factors involved in Quercus robur root growth regulation in different cultivation system

Kościelniak,

Glazińska,

Kęsy

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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Understanding the molecular processes and hormonal signals that govern root growth is of paramount importance for effective forest management. While Arabidopsis studies have shed light on the role of the primary root in root system development, the structure of root systems in trees is considerably more intricate, posing challenges to comprehend taproot growth in acorn-sown and nursery-cultivated seedlings. In this study, we investigated Quercus robur seedlings using rhizotrons, containers, and transplanted containers to rhizotrons, aiming to unravel the impact of forest nursery practices on processes governing taproot growth and root system development. Root samples were subjected to RNA-seq analysis to identify gene expression patterns and perform differential gene expression and phytohormone analysis. Among studied cultivation systems, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) exhibited significant diversity, where the number of co-occurring DEGs among cultivation systems was significantly smaller than the number of unique DEGs in different cultivation systems. Moreover, the results imply that container cultivation triggers the activation of several genes associated with linolenic acid and peptide synthesis in root growth. Upon transplantation from containers to rhizotrons, rapid enhancement in gene expression occurs, followed by gradual reduction as root growth progresses, ultimately reaching a similar expression pattern as observed in the taproot of rhizotron-cultivated seedlings. Phytohormone analysis revealed that taproot growth patterns under different cultivation systems are regulated by the interplay between auxin and cytokinin concentrations. Moreover, the diversification of hormone levels within the root zone and cultivation systems allows for taproot growth inhibition and prompt recovery in transplanted seedlings. Our study highlights the crucial role of hormone interactions during the early stages of taproot elongation, influencing root system formation across.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of genetics and hormonal factors involved in Quercus robur root growth regulation in different cultivation system

Kościelniak,

Glazińska,

Kęsy

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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“…Changes in intracellular free calcium levels for signal transduction is the onset of response to stresses. The calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) is the calcium-mediated abiotic stress signaling in regulating primary root growth of plants (Wilkins et al 2016 ; Zhang et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amelioration of NaCl stress on germination, growth, and nitrogen fixation of Vicia faba at isosmotic Na–Ca combinations and Rhizobium

Danial,

Basset

2024

Planta

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Main conclusion The Na+/Ca2+ ratio of 1/5 ameliorated the inhibitory action of NaCl and improved the germination and growth of Vicia faba. Addition of Rhizobium also enhanced nodulation and nitrogen fixation. Abstract Casting light upon the impact of salinity stress on growth and nitrogen fixation of Vicia faba supplemented with Rhizobium has been traced in this work. How Ca2+ antagonizes Na+ toxicity and osmotic stress of NaCl was also targeted in isosmotic combinations of NaCl and CaCl2 having various Na+:Ca2+ ratios. Growth of Viciafaba (cultivar Giza 3) was studied at two stages: germination and seedling. At both experiments, seeds or seedlings were exposed to successively increasing salinity levels (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM NaCl) as well as isosmotic combinations of NaCl and CaCl2 (Na+:Ca2+ of 1:1, 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:18, and 1: 20), equivalent to 150 mM NaCl. Inocula of the local nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Rhizobium leguminosarum (OP715892) were supplemented at both stages. NaCl salinity exerted a negative impact on growth and metabolism of Vicia faba; inhibition was proportional with increasing salinity level up to the highest level of 200 mM. Seed germination, shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll content, and nodules (number, weight, leghemoglobin, respiration, and nitrogenase activity) were inhibited by salinity. Ca2+ substitution for Na+, particularly at a Na/Ca ratio of 1:5, was stimulatory to almost all parameters at both stages. Statistical correlations between salinity levels and Na/Ca combinations proved one of the four levels (strong- or weak positive, strong- or weak negative) with most of the investigated parameters, depending on the parameter.

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“…Overexpression of KIC in Arabidopsis could regulate leaf trichome morphogenesis through facilitating the microtube-stimulated KCBP protein [ 50 ]. Otherwise, increased cellular Ca 2+ levels could promote primary root growth by mediating auxin signaling in KIC transgenic plants [ 51 , 52 , 53 ]. So the reason of bigger morphology in GhKTI12 transgenic tobacco lines maybe caused by the upregulation of microtubule organizing center part related genes ( Figure 6 a and Figure S6 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of GhKTI12 Enhances Seed Yield and Biomass Production in Nicotiana Tabacum

Myat

Zhou

Gao

et al. 2022

Genes

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Crop molecular breeding primarily focuses on increasing the trait of plant yield. An elongator-associated protein, KTI12, is closely associated with plant biomass and yield. KTI12 is involved in developmental processes of most organs, including the leaf, root, flower, and seed, through regulating cell division and differentiation. Previous work has shown that in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum ), GhKTI12 regulates plant height, flowering, and tolerance to salt and drought stress. However, little is known about the molecular regulation mechanism of GhKTI12 in plant developmental processes. In this study, we identified the main GhKTI12 (Gh_D02G144400) gene and transformed it into tobacco (Nicotonia tabacum cv NC89). From seven transgenic lines, we obtained three (OE5, OE6 and OE8) with high expression of GhKTI12; compared with wild type plants, these three lines exhibited larger plant size, later flowering, and higher seed yield. Microscopic observation revealed that the number of leaf epidermal cells and stem parenchyma cells was increased by ~55%. Biochemical analysis showed that chlorophyll content and starch accumulation were significantly increased in younger leaves at the top canopy of transgenic plants, which may contribute to improved photosynthetic rate and, in turn, increased seed yield. To understand the molecular mechanism of GhKTI12 in transgenic plants development, two lines (OE6 and OE8) with higher expression levels of GhKTI12 were used as representative plants to conduct RNA-seq analysis. Through transcriptome analysis of the plant’s shoot apical meristematic tissue of these two lines, we identified 518 upregulated genes and 406 downregulated genes common to both overexpression lines. A large number of cellular component genes associated with cell division and differentiation, such as RD21, TET8, KTN80, AOX1, AOX2, CP1, and KIC, were found to be upregulated, and genes showing the most downregulation included MADS-box genes related to flowering time, such as MADS6, AP1, AP3, AGL8, AGL6, SEP1, and SEP2. Downregulation of these genes caused delayed flowering time and longer vegetative stage during development. Combined with the upregulation of the yield-related gene RD21, the GhKTI12 transgenic plants could produce a higher seed yield. We here show that the overexpression of GhKTI12 could positively improve key agronomic traits in tobacco by regulating cell proliferation, photosynthesis, and organ development, and suggest that homologs of GhKTI12 may also be important in the genetic improvement of other crop plants.

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Roles and mechanisms of Ca²⁺ in regulating primary root growth of plants

Cited by 16 publications

References 58 publications

Identification of genetics and hormonal factors involved in Quercus robur root growth regulation in different cultivation system

Identification of genetics and hormonal factors involved in Quercus robur root growth regulation in different cultivation system

Amelioration of NaCl stress on germination, growth, and nitrogen fixation of Vicia faba at isosmotic Na–Ca combinations and Rhizobium

Overexpression of GhKTI12 Enhances Seed Yield and Biomass Production in Nicotiana Tabacum

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Roles and mechanisms of Ca2+ in regulating primary root growth of plants

Cited by 16 publications

References 58 publications

Identification of genetics and hormonal factors involved in Quercus robur root growth regulation in different cultivation system

Identification of genetics and hormonal factors involved in Quercus robur root growth regulation in different cultivation system

Amelioration of NaCl stress on germination, growth, and nitrogen fixation of Vicia faba at isosmotic Na–Ca combinations and Rhizobium

Overexpression of GhKTI12 Enhances Seed Yield and Biomass Production in Nicotiana Tabacum

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Roles and mechanisms of Ca²⁺ in regulating primary root growth of plants