Role of transcription factors in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection: A review

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an infectious disease caused by the PRRS virus that leads to reproductive disorders and severe dyspnoea in pigs, which has serious economic impacts. One of the reasons PRRSV cannot be effectively controlled is that it has developed countermeasures against the host immune response, allowing it to survive and replicate for long periods. Transcription Factors acts as a bridge in the interactions between the host and PRRSV. PRRSV can create an environment conducive to PRRSV replication through transcription factors acting on miRNAs, inflammatory factors, and immune cells. Conversely, some transcription factors also inhibit PRRSV proliferation in the host. In this review, we systematically described how PRRSV uses host transcription factors such as SP1, CEBPB, STATs, and AP-1 to escape the host immune system. Determining the role of transcription factors in immune evasion and understanding the pathogenesis of PRRSV will help to develop new treatments for PRRSV.

Research progress on the N protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

“…PRRSV promotes the expression of RNA-binding motif protein 39 (RBM39) within cells (Song et al, 2021 ). RBM39 interacts with PRRSV proteins, including Nsp4, M, and N (You et al, 2022 ). Ke et al ( 2019 ) recently described the mechanisms of activation of NF-κB by PRRSV at the molecular level.…”

miR-204 suppresses porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) replication via inhibiting LC3B-mediated autophagy

“…Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), also known as “blue ear” disease, is an infectious disease that leads to reproductive failures in pregnant sows and severe respiratory syndromes in pigs of all ages ( You et al., 2022 ). It has threatened the global pig industry and caused tremendous economic losses since its outbreak in the late 1980s ( Dhakal and Renukaradhya, 2019 ; Pileri and Mateu, 2016 ).…”