Role of the wrist cuff in forearm plethysmography

Lenders, Jacques W.M.; Janssen, Geert-Jan; Smits, Paul; Thien, Theo

doi:10.1042/cs0800413

Cited by 66 publications

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“…20 Baseline blood flow was determined as the average of six flow measurements made at 10-s intervals. 21 Vascular resistance (VR) was calculated by dividing mean arterial pressure by blood flow.…”

Section: Anthropometric and Electrode Placementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of 4 weeks of aerobic exercise on vascular and baroreflex function of young men with a family history of hypertension

Goldberg

Boutcher

2011

J Hum Hypertens

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The effect of short-term aerobic exercise on vascular function of young individuals with a family history of hypertension was investigated. Thirty young men with a family history of hypertension were randomly assigned to either an exercise (n ¼ 15) or control (n ¼ 15) group. Exercise subjects performed 30 min of supervised cycle training at 65% of their maximal oxygen uptake ( . VO 2max ), three times per week for 4 weeks. Control subjects were asked to maintain their normal levels of physical activity. Peak leg and forearm blood flow were assessed using plethysmography and was determined as the highest blood flow following 5 min of reactive hyperemia. Cardiopulmonary baroreceptor (CPBR) sensitivity was measured using lower body negative pressure (LBNP) for 5 min at À20 mm Hg. CPBR was determined by calculating change of stroke volume and forearm vascular resistance at baseline and during LBNP. Carotid baroreceptor (CBR) sensitivity was assessed using neck suction at À20, À40, À60 and À80 mm Hg pressures, and was determined from RR interval divided by systolic blood pressure. Augmentation index (AIx), a measure of arterial stiffness, was assessed using applanation tonometry and was calculated as the ratio of augmented pressure and pulse pressure. The major findings were that the exercise group showed increase in leg vasodilation, reduction in AIx and increase in .VO 2max compared with the control group (Po0.05). However, there was no significant change for CPBR and CBR. A short-term moderate-intensity aerobic exercise intervention in young men with a family history of hypertension significantly reduced arterial stiffness and increased aerobic fitness.

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Section: Anthropometric and Electrode Placementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of 4 weeks of aerobic exercise on vascular and baroreflex function of young men with a family history of hypertension

Goldberg

Boutcher

2011

J Hum Hypertens

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“…Bilateral forearm blood flow (FBF) was measured by ECGtriggered mercury-in-silastic strain gauge plethysmography, as described before (Rongen et al, 1995), while the hand circulation was occluded using wrist cuffs (Lenders et al, 1991). All experiments started 30 min after intra-arterial cannulation with the measurement of baseline blood flow, obtained during infusion of saline (NaCl 0.9%).…”

Section: General Outline Of the Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

ATP‐induced vasodilation in human skeletal muscle

Ginneken

Meijer

Verkaik

et al. 2004

British J Pharmacology

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1 The purine nucleotide adenosine-5 0 -triphosphate (ATP) exerts pronounced effects on the cardiovascular system. The mechanism of action of the vasodilator response to ATP in humans has not been elucidated yet. The proposed endothelium-derived relaxing factors (EDRFs) were studied in a series of experiments, using the perfused forearm technique. 2 Adenosine 5 0 -triphosphate (0.2, 0.6, 6 and 20 nmol dl À1 forearm volume min À1 ) evoked a dosedependent forearm vasodilator response, which could not be inhibited by separate infusion of the nonselective COX inhibitor indomethacin (5 mg dl À1 min À1 , n ¼ 10), the blocker of Na þ /K þ -ATPase ouabain (0.2 mg dl À1 min À1 , n ¼ 8), the blocker of K Ca channels tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA, 0.1 mg dl À1 min À1 , n ¼ 10), nor by the K ATP -channel blocker glibenclamide (2 mg dl À1 min À1 , n ¼ 10). All blockers, except glibenclamide, caused a significant increase in baseline vascular tone. The obtained results might be due to compensatory actions of unblocked EDRFs. Combined infusion of TEA, indomethacin and L-NMMA (n ¼ 6) significantly increased the baseline forearm vascular resistance. The ATP-induced relative decreases in forearm vascular resistance were 4875, 6773, 8872, and 9272% in the absence and 2377, 6274, 8972, and 9371% in the presence of the combination of TEA, indomethacin and L-NMMA (Po0.05, repeated-measures ANOVA, n ¼ 6). A similar inhibition was obtained for sodium nitroprusside (SNP, Po0.05 repeated-measures ANOVA, n ¼ 6), indicating a nonspecific interaction due to the blocker-induced vasoconstriction. 3 ATP-induced vasodilation in the human forearm cannot be inhibited by separate infusion of indomethacin, ouabain, glibenclamide or TEA, or by a combined infusion of TEA, indomethacin, and L-NMMA. Endothelium-independent mechanisms and involvement of unblocked EDRFs, such as CO, might play a role, and call for further studies.

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“…Four FBF curves per min were recorded. During all recordings of the FBF, the hand circulation was completely occluded by a wrist cuff inflated 100 mmHg above the systolic blood pressure to ensure that measurements only referred to the forearm skeletal muscle vascular bed [18]. A neighbouring and a contralateral antecubital vein were cannulated for blood sampling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blockade of vascular ATP-sensitive potassium channels reduces the vasodilator response to ischaemia in humans

et al. 1996

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In 1983, Noma [1] was the first to describe that an outward potassium current increased significantly when guinea pig or rabbit cardiac muscle cells were subjected to hypoxia. This current was caused by the activation of potassium channels, which was independent of the intracellular Ca 2+ concentration, but dependent on the intracellular concentration of adenosine-5 ′-triphosphate ([ATP] i ). These so-called ATPsensitive potassium (K ATP ) channels were suggested to play a cardioprotective role during ischaemia. Later, K ATP channels were also found in skeletal muscle [2], smooth muscle [3] and pancreatic beta cells [4] from animals. In pancreatic beta cells the K ATP channels mediate insulin secretion [5] and are a target for sulphonylurea derivatives in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) [6]. Sulphonylurea derivatives are highly specific in blocking pancreatic and cardiovascular K ATP channels, and Diabetologia (1996Diabetologia ( ) 39: 1562Diabetologia ( -1568 Blockade of vascular ATP-sensitive potassium channels reduces the vasodilator response to ischaemia in humans Summary Experimental data show that ATP-sensitive potassium (K ATP ) channels not only occur in pancreatic beta cells, but also in the cardiovascular system, where they mediate important cardioprotective mechanisms. Sulphonylurea derivatives can block the cardiovascular K ATP channels and may therefore interfere with these cardioprotective mechanisms. Therefore, it is of clinical importance to investigate whether sulphonylurea derivatives interact with vascular K ATP channels in humans. Using venous-occlusion strain-gauge plethysmography, we investigated whether ischaemia-induced reactive hyperaemia is reduced by the sulphonylurea derivative glibenclamide in 12 healthy male non-smoking volunteers. Forearm vasodilator responses to three periods of arterial occlusion (2, 5 and 13 min) during concomitant infusion of placebo into the brachial artery were compared with responses during concomitant intra-arterial infusion of glibenclamide (0.33A control study (n = 6) showed that time itself did not change the vasodilator response to ischaemia.Glibenclamide significantly increased minimal vascular resistance (from 2.1 ± 0.1 to 2.3 ± 0.2 arbitrary units, Student's t-test: p = 0.01), and reduced mean forearm blood flow (from 37.5 ± 2.0 to 35.4 ± 2.0 ml ⋅ min -1 ⋅ dl -1 after 13 min occlusion, ANOVA with repeated measures: p = 0.006) and flow debt repayment during the first reperfusion minute (ANOVA with repeated measures: p = 0.04). In contrast, total flow debt repayment was not affected. Infusion of glibenclamide into the brachial artery resulted in local concentrations in the clinically relevant range, whereas the systemic concentration remained too low to elicit hypoglycaemic effects. Our results suggest that therapeutic concentrations of glibenclamide induce a slight but significant reduction in the early and peak vasodilation during reactive hyperaemia.

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Role of the wrist cuff in forearm plethysmography

Cited by 66 publications

References 0 publications

The effect of 4 weeks of aerobic exercise on vascular and baroreflex function of young men with a family history of hypertension

The effect of 4 weeks of aerobic exercise on vascular and baroreflex function of young men with a family history of hypertension

ATP‐induced vasodilation in human skeletal muscle

Blockade of vascular ATP-sensitive potassium channels reduces the vasodilator response to ischaemia in humans

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