Role of the soil matrix and minerals in protecting natural organic materials against biological attack

Baldock, J. A.; Skjemstad, J. O.

doi:10.1016/s0146-6380(00)00049-8

Cited by 1,211 publications

(727 citation statements)

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“…Este fato se explica em razão de os estoques nessa fração serem fortemente dependentes dos teores de argila e das características mineralógicas dessa (Baldock & Skjemstad, 2000;Six et al, 2004), que atuam nas interações com os compostos orgânicos mais decompostos, diminuindo sua variabilidade no solo pelos diferentes sistemas de culturas ao longo do tempo. Porém, é importante ressaltar que houve tendência a maiores estoques de C e N da MO associada aos minerais no sistema AL-MI.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Com o avanço da decomposição e mineralização da MO, a fração particulada tende a um decréscimo na superfície com aumento relativo da MO associada aos minerais em profundidade. Assim, somente com o aporte contínuo de resíduos orgânicos pelos sistemas de culturas é que há a manutenção e as maiores proporções dessa fração no solo (Baldock & Skjemstad, 2000;Balesdent et al, 2000;Six et al, 2002a;. As raízes também podem ter interferido nessa variação na proporção de MO particulada no solo entre as camadas, principalmente em sistemas com gramíneas, uma vez que há grande volume de raízes que permanecem nas primeiras camadas do solo (Balesdent & Balabane, 1996;Rasse et al, 2005).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…A principal função da MO particulada é servir como fonte de energia e nutrientes aos organismos, o que desencadeia os processos de formação e estabilização dos agregados, transformações bioquímicas dos elementos e aumento de cargas no solo (Duxbury et al, 1989;Baldock & Skjemstad, 2000;Six et al, 2002a). A entrada e a maior concentração de MO particulada ocorrem, principalmente, nos primeiros centímetros abaixo da superfície do solo, sendo diretamente influenciadas pela serapilheira e raízes (Duxbury et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Carbono e nitrogênio nas frações granulométricas da matéria orgânica do solo, em sistemas de culturas sob plantio direto

Winck¹,

Vezzani²,

Dieckow³

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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RESUMOA qualidade do solo em plantio direto está relacionada ao sistema de culturas e pode ser avaliada pelo teor de matéria orgânica particulada (>53 µ µ µ µ µm), em razão da funcionalidade que essa fração proporciona ao solo e à sua sensibilidade às diferenças de manejo. Visando estudar a qualidade do solo em sistemas de culturas em plantio direto, este trabalho foi conduzido em experimento de longa duração (21 anos) em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico nos Campos Gerais do Paraná. Seis sistemas de culturas foram avaliados, em que trigo-TR (Triticum aestivum L.), soja-SO (Glycine max L.), milho-MI (Zea mays L.), aveia-preta-AV, para cobertura (Avena strigosa Schreb.), ervilhaca-ER, para cobertura (Vicia villosa Roth); azevém-AZ, para feno (Lolium multiflorum Lam.); ou alfafa-AL, para feno (Medicago sativa L.) compuseram os seguintes sistemas: TR-SO (referência), ER-MI-AV-SO-TR-SO, ER-MI-TR-SO, AV-MI-TR-SO, AZ-MI-AZ-SO e AL-MI (milho a cada três anos). Os estoques de carbono orgânico total (COT), nitrogênio total (NT) e de C e N na matéria orgânica (MO) particulada (>53 µm) e associada aos minerais (<53 µm) foram determinados em 0-5, 5-10 e 10-20 cm. O sistema semiperene AL-MI apresentou os maiores estoques de COT e NT na camada de 0-20 cm (63,6 Mg ha -1 COT e 4,6 Mg ha -1 NT), com incrementos anuais de 0,23 Mg ha -1 COT e 0,03 Mg ha -1 NT, em relação ao sistema TR-SO. O sistema AL-MI também teve os maiores estoques de C e N na MO particulada nessa camada (12,5 e 0,91 Mg ha -1 , respectivamente), por causa da maior adição de fitomassa pelas raízes e a proteção física dos resíduos orgânicos. Os menores estoques de COT e NT na camada 0-20 cm ocorreram no sistema ER-MI-TR-SO (57,8 Mg ha -1 COT e 4,03 Mg ha -1 NT), sem apresentar incremento anual em relação ao sistema TR-SO. Os estoques de C e N na MO particulada foram de 10,4 e 0,67 Mg ha -1

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Carbono e nitrogênio nas frações granulométricas da matéria orgânica do solo, em sistemas de culturas sob plantio direto

Winck¹,

Vezzani²,

Dieckow³

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…For example, of the OM pools isolated via particle-size fractionation, the OM in the sand fraction known as particulate organic matter (POM) shows the most structural similarities to the original plant input [10]. This normally labile fraction provides a source of energy and nutrients for microorganisms [13]. Solid-state C cross-polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance ( C CPMAS NMR) spectroscopy has been widely used to examine the structural composition of OM in particle-size fractions, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural composition of organic matter in particle-size fractions of soils along a climo-biosequence in the main range of Peninsular Malaysia

et al. 2016

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Information on structural composition of organic matter (OM) in particle-size fractions of soils along a climo-biosequence is sparse. The objective of this study was to examine structural composition and morphological characteristics of OM in particle-size fractions of soils along a climo-biosequence in order to better understand the factors and processes a ecting structural composition of soil organic matter. To explore changes in structural composition of OM in soils with di erent pedogenesis, the A-horizon was considered for further analyses including particle-size fractionation, solid-state C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Due to the increase in the thickness of organic layer with increasing elevation, the A-horizon was situated at greater depth in soils of higher elevation. The relationship between relative abundances of carbon (C) structures and particle-size fractions was examined using principal component analysis (PCA). It was found that alkyl C (20.1-73.4%) and O-alkyl C (16.8-67.7%) dominated particle-size fractions. The proportion of alkyl C increased with increasing elevation, while Oalkyl C showed an opposite trend. Results of PCA conrmed this nding and showed the relative enrichment of alkyl C in soils of higher elevation. Increase in the proportion of alkyl C in 250-2000 µm fraction is linked to selective preservation of aliphatic compounds derived from root litter. SEM results showed an increase in root contribution to the 250-2000 µm fraction with increasing elevation. For the <53 µm fraction, pedogenic process of podzolization is responsible for the relative enrichment of alkyl C. This study demonstrates that changes in structural composition of OM in particle-size fractions of soils along the studied climo-biosequence are attributed to site-speci c di erences in pedogenesis as a function of climate and vegetation.

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“…The fine frac-doi: 10.17221/31/2017-SWR tions (clay, silt) are in a positive correlation with total organic carbon (TOC) and the coarse fractions (sand) in a negative (Burke et al 1989;Bronson et al 2004). A significant part of clay minerals is in the linkage with a large amount of organic substances (Jastrow 1996), which can be stabilized through the adsorption on the mineral surfaces (Baldock & Skjemstad 2000), bridges of polyvalent cations (Muneer & Oades 1989), binding into the interlayers of clay minerals (Kleber et al 2007). The stabilization of SOM is mainly controlled by the organo-mineral association (Cai et al 2016) and the iron-oxides and hydroxides.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Humus substances and soil aggregates in the soils with different texture

Tobiašová¹,

Barančíková²,

Gömöryová³

et al. 2018

Soil & Water Res.

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Tobiašová E., Barančíková G., Gömöryová E., Dębska B., Banach-Szott M. (2018): Humus substances and soil aggregates in the soils with different texture. Soil & Water Res., 13: 44−50.Humus substances (HS) influence the incorporation of carbon into soil aggregates in many ways. In this study the influence of HS and their fractions in the soil on the proportions of carbon (total organic, labile, non-labile) in water-resistant macro-aggregates (WSA) and differences between the amount of carbon in WSA in coarsegrained (CGS) and fine-grained (FGS) soils with dependence on the proportions of HS in the soil were determined. The experiment included three soils (Haplic Chernozem, Haplic Luvisol, Eutric Cambisol), each of them with two different soil textures (CGS, FGS) from four ecosystems (forest, meadow, urban, and agro-ecosystem). In CGS, higher proportions (52 and 50%) of smaller (< 1 mm) dry-sieved macro-aggregates (DSA) and also WSA were determined, while in FGS, higher proportions (51 and 53%) of larger DSA (> 7 mm) and WSA (> 2 mm) were detected. A negative correlation was recorded between the content of organic carbon in the fractions of WSA and the amount of extracted humic acids (HA) in CGS, and fulvic acids (FA) in FGS. In CGS, the correlation between the carbon content in WSA and HA bound with Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ , which forms humates (HA2), was negative. In FGS, a negative correlation was recorded between the carbon content in WSA and free aggressive FA (FA1a) and free FA and those, which are bound with monovalent cations and mobile R 2 O 3 (FA1) in the soil. In the case of FA1a, a negative correlation was recorded in FGS and also in CGS, however this influence was more marked in CGS than in FGS (by about 21% higher correlation). In CGS, the influence of HA and FA in soil on the content of labile carbon in aggregates was stronger than in FGS. In CGS, a higher proportion of carbon in aggregates was detected in the case of lower stability of HS and HA and, on the contrary, in FGS, a higher content of carbon in aggregates was detected in the case of their higher stability.

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Role of the soil matrix and minerals in protecting natural organic materials against biological attack

Cited by 1,211 publications

References 47 publications

Carbono e nitrogênio nas frações granulométricas da matéria orgânica do solo, em sistemas de culturas sob plantio direto

Carbono e nitrogênio nas frações granulométricas da matéria orgânica do solo, em sistemas de culturas sob plantio direto

Structural composition of organic matter in particle-size fractions of soils along a climo-biosequence in the main range of Peninsular Malaysia

Humus substances and soil aggregates in the soils with different texture

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