Role of the driving laser position on atomic force microscopy cantilevers excited by photothermal and radiation pressure effects

Vassalli, Massimo; Pini, Valerio; Tiribilli, Bruno

doi:10.1063/1.3497074

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(21 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Many previous studies 4,5,8,9,16 of photothermal excitation of cantilevers (one-dimensional models) implicitly assume that this signal should be approximately flat through the middle of the cantilever and fall off toward the edges (where some of the laser light starts to fall off the cantilever), and this result has also been demonstrated in experiments. 17 This is exactly the response shown by the rectangular cantilevers.…”

Section: A Methodsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…17 (2) Electronic strain 12 is neglected as electron diffusion is governed by the same equation as heat diffusion, electronic strain contributions would only affect the results quantitatively and not qualitatively. That is, the absolute efficiency is different in air versus water, but the ratio of the response for the trapezoidal cross-section versus the rectangular cross-section is the same for both air and water.…”

Section: A Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

High efficiency laser photothermal excitation of microcantilever vibrations in air and liquids

Kiracofe

Kobayashi

Labuda

et al. 2011

Review of Scientific Instruments

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Photothermal excitation is a promising means of actuating microscale structures. It is gaining increased interest for its capability to excite atomic force microscopy (AFM) microcantilevers with wide frequency bandwidth in liquid environments yielding clean resonance peaks without spurious resonances. These capabilities are particularly relevant for high speed and high resolution, quantitative AFM. However, photothermal efficiency is low, which means a large amount of laser power is required for a given mechanical response. The high laser power may cause local heating effects, or spill over the cantilever and damage sensitive samples. In this work, it is shown that by simply changing from a probe with a rectangular cross-section to one with a trapezoidal cross-section, the photothermal efficiency of an uncoated silicon cantilever can be increased by more than a order of magnitude, and the efficiency of a coated cantilever can be increased by a factor of 2. This effect is demonstrated experimentally and explained theoretically using thermomechanical analysis. Results are shown for both air and water, and for normal bending and torsional oscillations.

show abstract

Section: A Methodsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: A Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

High efficiency laser photothermal excitation of microcantilever vibrations in air and liquids

Kiracofe

Kobayashi

Labuda

et al. 2011

Review of Scientific Instruments

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In particular, laser beam interferometric read-out has been demonstrated as a highly sensitive transduction method for the characterization of the mechanical resonances of Si NWs and for testing their performance as nanomechanical sensors. Besides its high sensitivity for detecting the vibrations of nanomechanical resonators, optical transduction methods have been demonstrated to produce a feedback force on the resonator that induces variations in the resonance frequency [14][15][16]. In the case of Si NW resonators, there are mainly two different back-action effects that can be expected from the interaction with an external optical field: the bolometric effects and the radiation pressure exerted on the resonator.…”

Section: Historical Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical back-action in silicon nanowire resonators: bolometric versus radiation pressure effects

Gil-Santos¹,

Ramos

Pini³

et al. 2013

New J. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We study optical back-action effects associated with confined electromagnetic modes in silicon nanowire resonators interacting with a laser beam used for interferometric read-out of the nanowire vibrations. Our analysis describes the resonance frequency shift produced in the nanowires by two different mechanisms: the temperature dependence of the nanowire's Young's modulus and the effect of radiation pressure. We find different regimes in which each effect dominates depending on the nanowire morphology and dimensions, resulting in either positive or negative frequency shifts. Our results also show that in some cases bolometric and radiation pressure effects can have opposite contributions so that their overall effect is greatly reduced. We conclude that Si nanowire resonators can be engineered for harnessing back-action effects for either optimizing frequency stability or exploiting dynamic phenomena such as parametric amplification.

show abstract

“…Optical actuation of micro-and nano-mechanical beams and cantilevers can be achieved by exploiting primarily three fundamental physical phenomena: Photothermal effects [4], [8], [9], radiation pressure [4], [10], and photostriction [11]- [13]. Among these actuation mechanisms, photothermal actuation has been the most widely studied, and is based on the differential thermal expansion coefficient of thin bilayer films employed to form micro-beams and cantilevers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Modeling of Photostriction in Silicon Cantilevers Fabricated on Silicon-on-Insulator Substrates

Chenniappan

Umana‐Membreno

Silva

et al. 2015

J. Microelectromech. Syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Photostriction-based all-optical actuation of silicon microcantilevers has been investigated through experimental characterization of structures fabricated on silicon-on-insulator substrates, and through numerical modeling and analysis of their semiconductor device and micromechanical characteristics. Since the pressure coefficient of the bandgap is negative in Si, photostriction-induced photoactuation in Si-based cantilevers was evident as upward mechanical defections (away from the substrate) in response to pulsed laser illumination on the cantilevers' top surface, which is in contrast to the downward deflections typical of photothermal effects. For the numerical modeling of photostriction induced effects, carrier lifetime and excess-carrier concentrations were determined from transient photoconductance measurements. The experimentally determined parameters were then employed to simulate carrier-density profiles across the modeled structure. The modeled cantilever deflections were found to be in excellent agreement with experimentally determined deflections. It is also shown that 100-µm-long Si cantilevers were deflected by up to 10 nm, and generated a force of 0.14 nN, when optically actuated by a 405-nm laser power density of 400 W/cm 2 .[2013-0348]

show abstract

Role of the driving laser position on atomic force microscopy cantilevers excited by photothermal and radiation pressure effects

Cited by 31 publications

References 20 publications

High efficiency laser photothermal excitation of microcantilever vibrations in air and liquids

High efficiency laser photothermal excitation of microcantilever vibrations in air and liquids

Optical back-action in silicon nanowire resonators: bolometric versus radiation pressure effects

Characterization and Modeling of Photostriction in Silicon Cantilevers Fabricated on Silicon-on-Insulator Substrates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About